344 TUMORS. 



soft forms of cancer, particularly those having a tendency to 

 ulcerative degeneration, while the hard forms, such as above 

 described in cancer of the mammaries, may remain months and 

 even years after producing no other effect than a gradual enlarge- 

 ment. The process is generally developed in the lymphatic glands, 

 but we may see the appearance of secondary tumor centres which 

 swell up without being accompanied by any pain or inflammation. 

 A large part of the body may become affected in this manner — 

 that is to say, the gradual development of the process through the 

 entire body, these various tumors being supplied from the primary 

 tumors, or carried into the circulation and scattered in all direc- 

 tions, forming new centres of development. We may see this occur 

 in cancerous masses in the liver, kidneys, and lungs, producing 

 very little irritation of the surrounding tissues beyond the centre 

 tumor, but we find the animal falling away quickly, becomes 

 emaciated, has weak heart-action, and presents all the symptoms 

 of what is known as cancerous cachexia. 



The prognosis is always unfavorable. Removal of a cancerous 

 tumor may only be made when the neighboring lymphatic glands 

 have not become affected, and where the animal is in good nutri- 

 tive condition. Cases of ulcerated carcinoma must always be con- 

 sidered unfavorable, except in the form of cancroid, which has 

 been already described. The treatment of cancer consists of speedy 

 removal and keeping the animal in as healthy condition as possible. 



General Therapeutics of Tumors. The internal medicinal 

 treatment by preparations of iodine may be used in cases of goitre. 

 In carcinoma and sarcoma we may give arsenic in the form of a 

 solution of mercury, iodine, and arsenic (Donovan's solution), 

 and the treatment advised under Chorea (page 218). 



Surgical Treatment. This is generally palliative in cases 

 where the tumor is difficult to reach, being restricted to the 

 prevention of hemorrhage, suppuration, and a fetid odor. The 

 therapeutic measures used by Fricker and Hertwig are as follows: 



Tampons of tow which have been saturated in a solution of 

 chloride of iron and injections (where there is an opening) of sub- 

 sulphate of iron, 1 to 90. 



This palliative method is only indicated where a radical opera- 

 tion cannot be performed from some cause or location of the tumor 

 and where the owner wishes to keep the animal alive as long as 



