LUMBER GRADES AND LOG GRADES 465 



Knottiness may not always be of importance, but if it is recorded letters may 

 be used, as for crook. Two diameters inside bark at right angles should be measured 

 and the average recorded to the nearest tenth inch. The average width of bark, 

 measured on a radius, should be recorded, care being taken to make the measurements 

 where bark is not partly worn off. The width of sap, in case desired, should be 

 measured along an average radius. In case the age at either end of the log is found 

 it can be inserted opposite " Rings." If the cubic content of a log is found in the 

 office it may be entered opposite " Cubic feet." " Pull scale " means the number of 

 board feet that would be tallied by the log scaler if the log were straight and sound. 

 " Net scale " is the number of board feet tallied by the scaler after deducting for 

 defects of any kind. " Sawed out " is the number of board feet of lumber actually 

 sawed out. 



The large spaces are for the dimensions of boards sawed out, each space being 

 for a separate grade. The name of the grade may be written or stamped in at the 

 head of the column. The total number of board feet of each grade sawed out should 

 be entered opposite the proper grade number in the small spaces under " Sawed out," 

 which is the grand total of these grade totals. The boards may be tallied thus: 

 " 1X3X16," meaning a board 1 inch thick, 3 inches wide, and 16 feet long. Frac- 

 tions may be indicated thus: 3 1 X3 Z X12 (3J"X3i"X12'). As a rule the thickness 

 should be recorded to the nearest even quarter inch below, the width to the nearest 

 inch below, and the length to the nearest foot below the actual measurement. In 

 some cases it may be preferable to tally the number of board feet direct. This 

 means that the number of board feet in a board is read from a rule and entered at 

 once. Thus for a board 1" X3" X12', the figure 3 would be tallied. 



