26 



The important commercial product, however, is extracted 

 honey, which is produced profitably only in the larger apiaries, 

 and for this the initial expense is great. It can be said, how- 

 ever, that the increase of production lessens the unit cost and 

 so augments the profits. The limitations to the business come 

 in the lack of profitable territory. The first requisite for ex- 

 tracted honey production is an 

 extractor, which is a patented 

 mechanical device for remov- 

 ing the honey from the frames 

 by centrifugal force, after the 

 cappings have been taken off 

 with a capping knife. A wax 

 press is also necessary to ob- 

 tain the wax from old combs, 

 slumgum, and miscellaneous 

 fragments in which there is a 

 ^reat deal of foreign matter. 

 It greatly facilitates the work 

 of recovering the wax from 

 this kind of material. The old- 

 fashioned method of rendering 

 wax in a boiler over a fire is 

 still the usual way of recover- 

 ing wax from the comb. If the 

 apiary is large, it is desirable 

 to have an extracting house as 

 well as one for general storage 

 purposes. In the out-apiary, the extracting is frequently done 

 under a tent. In conducting out-apiaries, teams or an auto- 

 truck is necessary to move the honey. Hi^■e bodies, frames, a 

 wheelbarrow, shovel, and other implements also go to make 

 up the equipment. After extraction the honey is stored in 

 bulk in barrels, cans, or tins, and may be kept thus for a con- 

 siderable length of time without spoiling. A tendency of 

 nearly all pure Hawaiian honeys is to crystallize soon after 

 extraction. As it is difficult to overcome this tendency per- 

 manently, they can- 

 lot be considered good 

 bottling honeys. 



Since the bees will 

 not build straight 

 comb in the frames 

 without the use of 

 comb foundation, and 

 the usefulness of the ^'^- '' """■'^' '" Phnupl"^ ^°"'''' ^'°''''^ *™'" 



Fig. 8. 



Honey extraetur (copied 

 from Benton). 



