228 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. 
the hymenium the well-known saccharine fluid is secreted, which oozes out from between 

the paleae in thick drops 
rendered turbid by count- 
less gonidia, and thus 
betrays the presence of 
the parasite. This juice 
is eagerly sought by in- 
sects, which thus carry 
away the gonidia. Soon 
the formation of the scle- 
rotium begins in the basal 
portion of the gonidia- 
forming body in the way 
already described. The 
sclerotium reaches matu- 
rity by the time that the 
grass is ripe and passes 
into the dormant state 
which lasts till the next 
spring. The gonidia 
readily put out germ- 
tubes as soon as they 
become free, and the tubes 
sometimes produce small 
upright branches on the 
microscope -slide, from 
which fresh gonidia are 
then abscised (Fig. 111 4). 
Kühn informs us that new 
gonidiophores and scle- 
Fic. 110. Claviceps purpurea, Tul. Portion of athin longitudinal section on the boundary rotia are developed in the 
line between the gonidiophore ss—cc and the young sclerotium »z. See Fig.17. After 
Tulasne, from Liirssen's Handbuch, highly magnified. 
manner described above 
from the germ-tubes of 
gonidia, which have found their way to the flowers of a grass. 
Nectria ditissima may be given from R. Hartig’s description’? as an example of 
m 

FiG. 111, Claviceps purpurea, Tul. a thin transverse 
section through the layer from which gonidia are being 
bscised, 4 gonidia inating and producing by abj it 
y 
a small group of secondary gonidia atx. a after Tulasne, 
highly magnified, 4 after Kühn. 


a species furnished with more than one kind 
of gonidium. The mycelium lives in the rind 
of leafy trees, and causes the disease known 
as ‘canker.’ It forms a small cushion-like 
pseudo-parenchymatous thallus beneath the 
surface of the rind; the thallus eventually 
bursts through the rind and produces first 
gonidia and then perithecia on its . outer 
surface. A sufficient account has already 
been given of the perithecia, which in the 
ptimordial state are concealed beneath the 
gonidia and the structures producing them, 
but these are displaced and thrust aside by 
the perithecia. The gonidia are now formed 
acrogenously outside the cushion on short 
slender filiform sterigmata arranged side by side and parallel to one another, so as to 

% Unters. a. d. forstbot. Instit. München, 1. 
See also Tulasne, Carp. III, and R. Göthe, Der 
Krebs d. Apfelbäume in Thiel’s Landw. Jahrb. IX (1880). 
