CHAPTER V.—COMPARATIVE REVIEW.—ASCOMFCETES. 261 
spermatia with or without special functions and an antheridial branch which 
conjugates with the archicarp. But the ‘Sordaria’ in which the antheridial branch 
has been observed is Sordaria or Hypocopra fimicola described by Gilkinet, and 
spermatia are not said to have been found in it. The Sordarieae in which the 
spermatia in question have been found are different species, S. curvula, S. minuta, and 
others!, and it has not been shown that their young sporocarp is like that of 
S. fimicola. On the contrary, it has been already intimated on page 235 that there 
appear to be important differences in the matter of the inception of the sporocarp 
in the group of the Sordarieae. Brefeld’s objection therefore rests on a misconception, 
and is at present at least not justified ; and if it is removed, it is no longer necessary 
to consider at length the question of the connection between these cases and those 
discussed above in which the spermatia were supposed to be without sexual 
function. 
Literature of sections LIX-LXXIV. 
VITTADINI, Monogr. Tuberacearum, Mediolani, 1831. 
TULASNE, Fungi hypogaei, Paris, 1851 ;—Id., Selecta Fungorum Carpologia, I-III, 
Paris ;—Id., Recherches sur l’organisation des Onygena (Ann. d. sc. nat. sér. 3, I, 
1844) ;—Id., Note sur l’appareil reproducteur des Lichens et des Champignons 
(Ann. d. sc. nat. ser. 3, XV, 1851) ; see also Compt. rend. XXXII, p. 470 ;—Id., 
Mémoire pour servir 4 P’histoire organographique et physiologique des Lichens 
(Ann. d. sc. nat. ser. 3, XVII) ;—Id., Discomycétes (Ann. d. sc. nat. ser. 3, XX, 
p- 128) ;—Id., Mém. sur l’Ergot des Glumacées (Ann. d. sc. nat. ser. 3, XX, p. 5) ;— 
Id., Note sur l'appareil reproductive d. Hypoxylées et d. Pyrénomycétes (Ann. d. 
sc. nat. sér. 4, V, p. 108) ;—Id., Nouvelles obs. sur les Erysiphées (Ann. d. sc. nat. 
ser. 4, I, 299, and Bot. Ztg. 1853, p. 257) ;—Id., Notes sur les Isaria et les Sphaeria 
entomogénes (Ann. d. sc. nat. ser. 4, VIII, p. 44) ;—Id., De quelques spheries 
fongicoles (Ann. d. sc. nat. sér. 4, XIII, p. 5); see also Comptes rendus, 41, 
p. 615 and 50, p. 16;—Id., Note sur les phénoménes de copulation dans les 
Champignons (Ann. d. sc. nat. sér. 5, V, p. 216). 
CURREY, On the fructification of certain Sphaeriaceous Fungi (Philos. Trans. Royal 
Soc. London, 147, 1858). 
DE Bary, Ueber d. Fruchtentwicklung d. Ascomyceten, Leipzig, 1863 ;—Id., Eurotium, 
Erysiphe, Cicinnobolus, nebst Bemerkungen ii. d. Geschlechtsorgane d. Ascomy- 
ceten (Beitr. z. Morph. u. Physiol. d. Pilze, III, Frankf. 1870). See also Beitr. IV, 
p. III. 
S. SCHWENDENER, Ueber d. Entw. d. Apothecien von Coenogonium (Flora, 1862, p. 224); 
—Id., Ueber d. Apothecia primitus aperta u.d. Entw. d. Apothecien im Allgemeinen 
(Flora, 1864, p. 320). 
FUISTING, De nonnullis Apothecii Lichenum evolvendi rationibus (Diss. inaugur. 
Berol., 1865) ;—Id., Zur Entwicklungsgesch. d. Pyrenomyceten (Bot. Ztg. 1867, 
1868) ;—Id., Zur Entwicklungsgesch. d. Lichenen (Bot. Ztg. 1868). 
WoRrONIN, Entwicklungsgesch. d. Ascobolus pulcherrimus u. einiger Pezizen (Beitr. z. 
Morph. u. Phys. d. Pilze, II). Id., Sphaeria Lemaneae, Sordaria, &c. (Beitr. z. 
Morph. u. Phys. d. Pilze, III). 
JANCZEWSKI, Morph. d. Ascobolus furfuraceus (Bot. Ztg. 1871, p. 257). 

1 Zopf, Chaetomium, p. 237. 
v 
