412 DIVISION I1I.—MODE OF LIFE OF THE FUNGI, 
Ephebella Hegetschweileri' in the fresh condition has quite the look of a 
Scytonema (Fig 167, B, g); but if the plant is heated in solution of potash the 
gelatinous sheath of the Scytonema-filaments is seen to be traversed by a compact 
weft of very delicate hyphae running chiefly in a longitudinal direction, out of which 
apothecia are sometimes, but rarely, developed. 
The thallus of Ephebe (Fig. 177, 178), Spilonema, Gonionema, Nyl. and 
Lichenosphaeria, Bornet has the structure and the branched shrubby form of 





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Fic. 177. Ephibe pubescens, Fr. A FIG. 178. Ephebe pubescens, Fr. A branched filiform thallus 
branched filiform thallus of Stigonema with of Stigonema with hyphae of the Fungus growing through its 
the hyphae of the Fungus growing through gelatinous membranes. « tip of the thallus after being boiled in 
its gelati b E ity of a solution of potash. 4, ctr i igh the upp 
branch of the thallus with a young lateral portion ofa branch, 4 tratisverse section through the lower and 
branch a; % hyphae, g cells of the Alga, gs older portion of a branch. The cells of the Alga are indicated by 
the apex ofthe thallus AfterSachs. Magn. the dotted shading. Magn. 390 times. 
500 times. 
Stigonema, Ag. (Sirosiphon, Kg.) with the addition of the hyphae which pass in the 
longitudinal direction through the outer wall of the Stigonema-filament and grow in 
length behind its advancing apex; but their branches are seen in older transverse 
sections of the Alga to intrude in numbers between its cells. Single branches of the 
Alga which is attacked by the Fungus may continue quite free from it. 
The genus Collema and its nearest allies Synechoblastus, Leptogium, Mallotium, 
Obryzum, Plectopsora (Arnoldia), Lempholemma (Physma) and some others are 

1 Itzigsohn in Hedwigia, I, 123. 
