564 EXTRATROPICAL MONKEYS CHAP. 



particular it is unique among the members of its genus. At one 

 time its extinction on the " liock " was nearly accomplished, but 

 three individuals being known. In 1893 the (Governor of 

 Gibraltar informed Mr. Sclater that he had himself counted as 

 many as thirty in one herd. Its depredations seem to have led 

 to the expression of a wish in some quarters that the numbers 

 should be thinned ; but feeling on the opposite side appears to be 

 stronger, so that whatever was the actual mode of its introduction 

 on to the " Eock " it will at any rate remain there unmolested 

 for the present. 



M. tchelicnsis is a species found in the Yung-ling Mountains 

 in North China. It is, with the possible exception of M. sjjeciosus, 

 the most northerly form of Monkey. It is interesting on account 

 of the fact that like the Tiger of those regions it has put on an 

 extra coating of fur to enable it to combat with the bitter 

 winters. It is doubtful '^vhether it is more than a variety of 

 the Rhesus Monkey (Jlf. rhesus). 



M. nemestrinus, " the Pig-tailed Macaque," is trained by the 

 natives of the east to climb cocoa-nut palms and to carefully 

 select and throw down only the ripe fruit. Sir Stamford Eaffies 

 apparently was the first to report upon this useful intelligence of 

 the animal, and Dr. Charles Hose of Borneo has confirmed him. 



The Japanese Macaque {M. sjxciosus) is well known from the 

 work of Japanese artists. It is the only species of Monkey 

 found in Japan, and goes very far north. 



A rather rare form is 3f. honinus. It has a short tail, and 

 occurs in Burmah. M. sileniis is distinguished by a ruff of long 

 light-coloured hair surrounding the face. It is sometimes called 

 the Wander 00 ; but this is apparently quite inaccurate, since that 

 term is used by the Ceylonese for a Scmnopithecus. For those 

 who wish a " pseudo-vernacular '' name Dr. Blanford suggests 

 Pennant's name of " Lion-tailed Monkey." 



The commonest species of the genus are M. cynomolgus, 

 M. sinicus, and ]][. rliesus. 



The genus Cercocebus, including those Monkeys known as 

 Mangabeys, is confined to West Africa. They have always a 

 long tail, quite as long as the body. The upper eyelids are pure 

 white in colour. The ischial callosities are more pronounced 

 than in the Macaques. In the Mangabeys also the hairs are not 

 ringed with differently coloured bars, as is the case with both 



