4 INDUCTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND HERITABILITY OF FASCIATIONS. 
study of fasciation is naturally grouped about these two periods. The 
character of the fasciated rosette, with broad, linear heart, giving rise to 
stems flattened from the base, has been made familiar by de Vries (11). In 
the cultures such rosettes reached a breadth of 3 cm., and the stalk from 
one of them produced a vegetative line which eventually measured 38 cm. 
(plate 1). In other cases the first evidence of fasciation in the rosette is a 
bifurcation of the growing region, and two tiny buds sometimes appear even 
between the cotyledons. The twotypes of rosettes are illustrated by plate 11, 
fie. 4, and by text-fig. 1. The fasciation of the flowering stalks is far more 
common than that of the rosette and 
furnishes the bulk of the material for 
observation, as well as for histological 
examination. Usually the rosettes 
have been plants to be kept for other 
experimental purposes, but the late 
branches may be cut at will. The 
~ Z flowering stems studied came mostly 
WW from two sets of plants—the wild 
ISSN O. biennis and the O. cruciata in the 
garden. There were many ring- 
~ fasciations in the two groups, though 
these have been comparatively infre- 
quently reported. The O. dzennis, 
Fic. 1—Raimannia odorata, biturcated besides simple fasciations and ring- 
rosette. fasciations, showed on many stems, 
associated with the banding, an indentation or groove, as represented in 
plate u1, fig. 2, running up the upper half of the stem. The groove became 
wider and deeper as the stem flattened. Simple fasciations, ring-fasciations, 
and groove-fasciations occurred together, both on secondary and tertiary 
branches of plants of which the main axis had usually been stunted. Two 
descriptions may be taken as representative: 
PLant 1.--The plant had 11 branches, which were all equal in importance, the main 
tip having been stunted early in its history. There was consequently no main branch, 
though A was the largest secondary branch. The tip of A was also stunted, and it had 
11 tertiary branches; of these, 7 were fasciated. The fasciations were split into two or more 
forks. Two of them showed round instead of flat divisions. In six cases below the 
bifurcations there were grooves. The secondary branch B was also fasciated, with a flat 
tip. The flattening was in every case associated with old capsules, often with holes 
bored through. 
PLANT 2.—The plant had 9 branches. The branch A had 6 secondary branches, all 
of which were fasciated. Two of them showed ring-fasciations, the others were flat, and 
two exhibited conspicuous grooves. Of the other branches, one showed aring-fasciation 
and the others bifurcations and simple fasciations; 5 of them showed grooves so as to 
be recognizable. All of the main branches were fasciated. The total number of fas- 
ciations on the plant was 15. 
