INDUCTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND HERITABILITY OF FASCIATIONS. 11 
The extensive experiments of de Vries, which have led him to consider 
certain fasciations hereditary to some extent, made it desirable to test its 
inheritability in these cultures. Pure seed was saved in 1905 from fasciated 
plants of O. cruciata, and of O. muricata from Kansas. The O. cruciata 
came from material originally collected by Mr. S. H. Burnham at Lake 
George, New York, in 1903. Of his 15 plants, 7 afterward fasciated in the 
main stem, and 3 of them when grown produced ‘‘curious elbow-shaped 
structures’’ on the stems. These protuberances were variants of those 
which appeared in the later cultures. Pure seed from the fasciated indi- 
viduals was sown'in 1904, and 5 plants saved out. These fasciated in the 
main and side branches, and from them pure seed was sown in February, 
1906, and 57 plants saved out. In September, 1906, counting the main 
stems only, 5 of these were stunted and 2 normal; there were 30 fasciations 
and bifurcations associated with protuberances, 12 simple bandings, 3 un- 
flattened bifurcations, and 5 ring-fasciations. In the normal stock plants 
there were in one group of 3 individuals, 1 ring and 2 bandings; in another 
of 4 plants, 2 protuberances, 1 bifurcation, and 1 simple fasciation; a third, 
of 4individuals, contained some fasciated side-branches on each plant. The 
seed of the O. ‘‘muricata’’ was sent by Mr. H. F. Roberts from Manhattan, 
Kansas, in 1904. The first sowing was made in November, 1904. Although 
distributed as ‘‘mzuricata,’’ it proved to be an elementary species removed 
from the muricata type. Two out of the three plants saved fasciated in the 
rosette stage and bloomed in the summer of 1905. From one of these 
pure seed was saved and sown in February, 1906. In September, 1906, 
out of 43 plants, 26 individuals were fasciated, 3 stunted, 2 bifurcated, and 
12 apparently normal. Counting only the flattened tips, 60 per cent were 
fasciated. In the 3 control plants from unfasciated stock, 2 were fasciated 
and 1 stunted. The control in each case fasciated as readily as did the 
fasciation cultures. 
Aside from the series which were run as special tests there were num- 
erous examples of fasciation in Dr. MacDougal’s general collection. In 
1905 fasciation was found in 55 individuals, including O. /amarckiana, O. 
muricata, O. biennis, O. oakesiana, O. strigosa, O. gigas, O. nanella, O. grandi- 
flora, O. lamarckiana X O. biennis, and O. cruciata, besides many forms of 
doubtful identity. In 1906 it appeared in 86 individuals, representing 34 
different cultures and a correspondingly wide range of species. Next to 
O. cruciata, O. parviflora fasciated most abundantly. The plants were in 
four different lots from Maine and in one lot from Madrid. All of the 
individuals fasciated in 50 per cent of their branches. Of the O. grandi- 
flora from Alabama, 14 plants were fasciated. Inthe O. ammophila all 5 
plants were fasciated in main and side branches. In one group of 4 plants 
of O. lamarckiana, from a parent raised after a succession of pure cultures 
from seed originally sent from de Vries in 1901, all 4 plants were fasciated 
in the main stems. The anomaly can scarcely be considered hereditary in 
