Green Leaves at Work 99 
type, even in the vegetable 
WS 
world. All these plants are 
destitute of green coloring- 
matter, and are of creamy 
hues, tinged with purple, 
straw-color, or golden-brown, 
and the leaves of all are 
mere reminiscent scales. It 
is believed that the Indian- 
pipe and its next of kin, 
popularly known as pine-sap 
(Fig. 18), begin life as para- 
sites on living roots; but, as 
they mature, their habits un- 
dergo still further deteriora- 
tion, till the full-grown plants 
suck their nourishment from 
the decaying leaves which 
carpet the forest. The In- 
dian-pipe is entirely white all 
over, and though it is own 
cousin to the bonny heather, 
its substance looks like that 
of the fungi, which stand far 
below it in the scale of na- 
ture, and yet share its tastes 
and bear it company. 
Fic. 18.—Pine-sap (Afono- 
tropa Hypopitys). 
(From Natural History of 
New York.) 
