Night Flowers 225 
Some of the pink family have adapted themselves 
so nearly to the requirements of their chosen guests 
that they have become unfitted for miscellaneous 
hospitality. Their blossom-tubes are too long and 
too narrow to be drained by most insects, and 
hence many diurnal flowers of the pink family are 
wholly dependent on butterflies, as some nocturnal 
species are upon night-moths. 
The differences between day- and night-blossoms 
are beautifully shown by two nearly-related Eng- 
lish wild-flowers which have recently come into our 
fields. They are known to English village chil- 
dren as red and white campion, and to botanists 
as ‘‘corn-cockle”’ and ‘‘evening-lychnis.” The red 
campion (Lychnis githago) or corn-cockle is already 
resolving itself into a nuisance in the grain-fields 
of the Central and Western States. It is rosy- 
purple, blooms by day, and is fertilized by butter- 
flies. As it is able to attract those insect friends 
by its bright color alone, it is scentless. A few 
clearly-drawn, dark lines, running from the edge 
of the blossom to its centre, are a floral signal- 
code, telling the butterflies where the nectar which 
they seek is stored for them, at the bottom of 
a tube so slender and deep that smaller insects 
cannot reach down to it. At evening, when 
