PRODUCTIONS OF THE SOIL. 139 



Oats. — Plant in all spare ground ; they will keep 

 the weeds down. 



Turnips. — Sow early Dutch, red-top, and Swedish, 

 not too thick, in light soil, well manured. 



Cabbage. — Sow early York, early drumhead, large 

 late drumhead. 



Carrots. — Sow long orange for a late crop ; early 

 horn for an early crop. Sow in light soil ; they are 

 the best winter food for cattle. 



Beet {Beta vulgaris) — (varieties : early blood turnip, 

 rooted ; early long blood ; extra dark blood ; yellow 

 turnip, rooted; early scarcity; mangel-wurtzel ; 

 French sugar, or Silesia ; Sir John Sinclair's). — The 

 mangel-wurtzel and sugar beets are cultivated for 

 cattle. Domestic animals eat the leaves and roots 

 with great avidity ; they are excellent food for swine, 

 and also for milch cows, and possess the quality of 

 making them give a large quantity of the best 

 flavoured milk. The roots are equally fit for oxen 

 and horses, after being cut up into small pieces and 

 mixed with cut straw, hay, or other dry feed ; and 

 an acre of good, rich, loamy soil has been known 

 to yield two thousand bushels of beet-roots, some of 

 which weighed from fifteen to twenty pounds each. 

 To produce such enormously large roots, they should 

 be cultivated in drills from two to three feet apart. 



