CRYPTOGAMS. 



77 



Maiden-hair qj- qvuIc. 

 fern (Adlantum capil- 

 lus'veneris). The pro- 



division asexual modes of reproduction by bulbs, tubers, 



etc., are by no means uncommon. 



(4) In the great majority of Cryp- 

 togams fertilization is direct, the an- 

 therozoid coming directly in contact 

 with the oosphere or body to be fer- 

 tilized ; the Floridece, or red seaweeds, 

 are however exceptions to this rule. 

 In Phanerogams fertilization is indi- 

 rect, the pollen grain or fertilizing 

 body being received on a specialized 

 portion called the stigma, and from 

 thence emits a tube which eventually 

 comes in contact with the oosphere 

 An exception to this rule 

 is met with in Gynmosperms, those 



thallus or sexual ffener- -ni ._ 1 i 1 ._ j j_ 



ation, pp, seen from the Phanerogams most closely related to 



under side with the j^g higher Cryptogams, where ferti- 



young fern plant », or . . ° . . . 



the second asexual lization is direct ; that is, the pollen 



^^°^S^ J^°' first^roots 0° comes directly in contact with the 



the asexual stage; A, oosphere, without the intervention of 



root-hairs of prothallus . 



( X about 3). (From a Stigma. 



Prantl, after Sachs.) q^^^^ acknowledged divisions of 



the Vegetable Kingdom into two primary groups are as 

 follows — 



Thallogens or Thallophytes ; those plants showing but 

 little differentiation and division of labour in the vegetative 

 portion, e. g. Algm and Fungi. 



Cormogens or Connophytes ; where the vegetative portion 

 is differentiated into an axis or stem, bearing lateral 

 appendages or leaves, e.g. the remainder of the Vegetable 

 Kingdom not included in the Thallogens. 



