GASTBEOPODA OF THE LOWER GREEN MARLS. 87 



species, probably belonging to different subgenera of the Volutidce. If we 

 are to take the specimen represented by Mr. Gabb's outline figure, ^ as the 

 type, then the strongly lyrated shells found in the Lower Marls at Holmdel 

 and Freehold, New Jersey, would belong to this species. In this form the 

 body volution is symmetrically curved without angulation at the upper part, 

 or flattening on the median surface, and the aperture conforms on its mar- 

 gin to the form of the volution, and in the lower part gradually and sym- 

 metrically approaches the columella. This form I think is typical of the 

 species. But there are at least two others which it is difficult to separate 

 from this one. One of these has a differently formed spire, with flattened 

 volutions and more distinctly marked sutures, the last volution showing 

 a decided flattening in the median portion; the aperture is effuse and 

 spreading below, strongly reminding one of tlie aperture of the living 

 V. angulata Swainson. A third form which I, find associated with these 

 is shorter, thicker, and shouldered above, having the largest part of the 

 volution at its upper margin. It also occurs only at the base of the 

 Upper Maid Bed. I will, however, here restrict the species to that first 

 described and consider the others under distinct names. Mr. Gabb in 

 redescribing^ V. nasuta says that he has seen specimens with five or six 

 folds on the columella, although it normally has but three. I am inclined 

 to think that here he has confounded more than one species, as I have 

 not been able to find specimens having more than four true folds, although 

 sometimes the spiral ridges of the exterior may have left their imprint 

 on this part of the shell. 



In compai'ing this form with E. Texana Con., it seems to me there is 

 very little if any difference, and I am much inclined to consider them as 

 the same species, but in the absence of any good specimen of that species 

 I hesitate to pronounce positively between them. 



Formation and locality: In the Lower Marls at Freehold, Marlborough, 

 Holmdel, and Grosswicks, New Jersey. Mr. Gabb also cites it from Patula 

 Creek, Alabama. 



1 Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vol. 4, PI. XLViil, Fig. 9. 

 ^Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1876, p. 294. 



