Ill. MAGNOLIA CE: MAGNOLIA. 25 
soil ought to be made firm to the fibrous roots, not by treading, but by 
abundant watering, and, if the plant be large, by fixing with water; that is 
while the earth is being carefully put about the roots by one man, another 
should pour water from a pot held 6 ft. or 8 ft. above it, so that the weight 
of the water may wash the soil into every crevice formed by the roots 
and consolidate it there. Shading will be advisable for some weeks after 
planting. If the Exmouth variety be chosen, layers will produce flowers in a 
year or two after being separated from the parent plant, if kept in pots; but 
when they are planted out, and grow freely, so as to make shoots of 2 or 3 
feet every season, they will probably not flower for three or four years. 
Whether the tree be against a wall or trellis, or treated as a standard, all the 
pruning it will require, after it has begun to grow freely, will be, to cut out 
the stumps from which the flowers or the strobiles have dropped off, and 
any dead or decaying wood, and any branches which cross and rub on each 
other. Magnolias against a wall require very little protection, even when 
young; and this can easily be given by mulching the ground at the roots, and 
covering their branches with a mat, or with the fronds of the spruce fir. 
¥ 2. M.euavu’ca L. The glaucous-leaved Magnolia. 
ddentipeation: Lin. Sp., 2. p. 755.; Tor. and Gray, 1. p. 42.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 80.; Don’s Mill., 
. p. 82. 
Synonymes. M. fragrans Salisb.; Swamp Sassafras, Beaver-wood, white Bay, small Magnolia, 
Swamp Magnolia; agnolie glauque, Arbre de Castor, Fr.; grauer Bieberbaum, Ger. 
Derivation. \t is named Swamp Sassafras on account of its growing in boggy places, and resembling 
in qualities the Latirus Sdssafras ; and Beaver-wood, because the root is eaten as a great dainty by 
the beavers, and these animals are caught by means of it. It also grows in the swamps, which they 
inhabit ; and Michaux tells us that it is felled by them for constructing their dens and houses, in 
preference to any other tree, on account of the softness of the wood. 
Engravings. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 215.; Sims Bot. Mag., 2164.5; the plate of this species in Arb. 
Brit., lst edit. vol. v. ; and our jig. 35. 
Spec. Char., &c. Almost deciduous. Leaves elliptical, obtuse, under surface 
glaucous. Flower 9—12-petaled, contracted. Petals ovate, concave. (Don’s 
Mill.) A shrub, or low tree, sometimes sub-evergreen. Massachusetts to 
Missouri in swamps. Height in America 3ft. to 10 ft.; 6 ft. to 20 ft. in 
England. Introduced in 1688. Flowers white, 2 in. to 3 in. broad, very 
fragrant ; June and September. Strobile brownish. Seeds deep scarlet ; 
ripe in October. Decaying leaves yellow, brown, or black. Naked young 
wood green. 
35. Magndlia glatca. 
Varieties. 5 
* M. glaica 2 sempervirens Hort. — Sub-evergreen, and with smaller 
leaves than those of the next variety. . 
4 M. glaica 3 Thompsoniana Thomp. M. glatica var. a major Bot. Mag., 
new edition, p. 36. The plate of this in the Arb. Brit., first edition, 
vol. v.; and our fig. 36.— It was noticed about 1820, in a pot of seed- 
lings, by Mr. Thompson, in his nursery at Mile-end; and by him kept 
distinct, and propagated under the above name. 
