Ill. MAGNOLIA CE! MAGNO'LIA. 27 
¥ 3. Macno‘iz4 tTripe’TaLa L. The threc-petaled Magnolia. 
Identification. Lin. Sp , 2. p.756.; Michx., 3. p. 90. 
Synonymes. M. umbrélla Lam., Nouv. Duh., Dec. Prod., Don's Mill., Tor. & Gray; M. fronddsa 
Salisb.; the Umbrella Tree; Umbrella Magnolia; Elkwood; Magnolie Parasol, and Arbre 
Parasol Fr. ; dreyblattriger Bieberbaum, dreiblattrige Magnolie, Ger. 
Derivation, This species is called the Umbrella Tree, according to Michaux, because its leaves, 
which are thin, oval, entire, and acuminate at both extremities, 18in. or 20 in. long, and 7 in. or 
8in. broad, are often disposed in rays at the extremity of vigorous shoots ; and these display a 
surface of 23 ft. in diameter, in the form of an umbrella. The tree is called Elkwood in the moun- 
tains of Virginia, probably from the resemblance which the points of the shoots bear to the horns 
of the elk. The French names merely signify umbrella tree, and the German ones the three- 
petaled beaver tree, or magnolia. 
Engravings. Michx. Arb., 3. t. 5. ; Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 418. ; the plate of this species in Arb. Brit. 
Ist edit. vol. v.; and our jig. 37. 
Spec. Char., §c. Deciduous. Leaves lanceolate, spreading, adult ones smooth, 
younger ones pubescent underneath. Petals 9—12, exterior ones pendent. 
(Don’s Mill. i. p. 83.) A deciduous tree of the middle size. Pennsyl- 
vania to Georgia, in moist soil. Height 30 ft. to 40 ft. in America ; 15 ft. 
to 30ft.in England. Introduced in 1752. Flowers white, 7 in. to 8 in. 
in diameter, with an unpleasant odour; May to July. Strobiles rose- 
coloured, 4in. to 5in. long; ripein October. Decaying leaves dark brown 
or black. Naked young wood of a fine mahogany brown. 
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37. Magnolia tripétala. 
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This tree, both in America and Europe, is remarkable for the largeness 
of its leaves and its lowers. The wood is spongy, brittle, with a large pith, 
soft, porous, and of very little use. The bark upon the trunk is grey, 
smooth, and polished ; and, if cut while green, it exhales a disagreeable 
odour. In Britain the tree sends up various shoots from the root, to replace 
the stems, which are seldom of long duration ; so that a plant that has stood 
thirty or forty years in one spot has had its stems several times renewed during 
that period. The leaves are 18 or 20 inches long, and 7 or 8 inches broad. 
The flowers are 7 or 8 inches in diameter, with large white flaccid petals; they are 
borne on the extremities of the last year’s shoots, have a languid luxurious 
appearance, and a sweet but heavy odour. The fruit, which is conical, is 5or 
