IX. AALVA‘CED. X. TILIA‘CER. 63 
Branches numerous, upright, white-barked; their general character being 
rather fastigiate than spreading, Leaves variously lobed; flowers axillary, 
large, and bell-shaped. Conspicuously ornamental; and the more valuable, 
because it produces its flowers at a time of the year when few shrubs are 
in bloom. It forms beautiful garden hedges ; more especially when the 
different sorts are planted in a harmonious order of succession, according to 
their colours ; and when the plants are not clipped, but carefully pruned with 
the knife. In the colder parts of Britain, and in the north of Germany, few 
ornamental shrubs better deserve being planted against a wall. It will grow 
in almost any soil not too wet; but, like all the Malvacez, seems to prefer 
one which is sandy, deep, and rich, xather than poor. An open airy situation, 
where it will ripen its wood, is essential. The single-flowered varieties are 
propagated by seed, which come up true to their respective colours; and the 
double-flowered varieties are propagated by layers, by grafting on the common 
sorts, and sometimes by cuttings of the ripened wood, planted in sand in 
autumn, and covered with a hand-class during the winter. 
OrpEer X. TILIA‘CEA. 
OrD. CHAR. Sepals 4 or 5, with a valvate zstivation, mostly without an invo- 
lucre. Petals 4 or 5, or rarely not any. Stamens hypogynous, generally 
numerous, with filaments séparate, and anthers 2-celled. Mostly glands 
between the petals and ovarium. Ovary and fruit single, of 4—10 carpels 
grown together; cells in the fruit, at least in some, not so many as the 
carpels. (Lindley.) — Trees and shrubs chiefly from warm climates. 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; cordate. Flowers panicled, 
yellowish, fragrant, with an oblong bractea united to the common stalk. 
Capsule downy.— The only genus which is perfectly hardy is Tilia ; native 
of Europe and North America. 
Genus I. 
TYLIA L. Tue Live Tree. Lin. Syst. Polyandria Monogynia. 
Identification. Lin. Gen., 660.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 512. ; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 552. . 
Synonymes. Line Tree, Gerard; Lind, Anglo-Sax. ; Tilleul, Fr. ; Bast-holtz, Ger.; Linde, Ger. 
and Dutch; Tiglia, Ital.; Tilo, Span. ; Lipa, Russ. ike ‘ 
Derivation. In London and Wise’s Retircd Gardéner the name of Tilia is derived from the Greek 
word pitlon, a feather, from the feathery appearance of the bracteas ; but others derive it from the 
Greek word éé/ai, light bodies floating in the air like wool or feathers. Tilleul is from éadiler,.either 
because the tree vears pruning well, or the wood may be easily carved. Bast-holtz is literally 
bark wood, in allusion to the use of the bark, in forming mats. 
Gen. Char. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens numerous, free, or some- 
what polyadelphous. Ovary globose, villous, 1-styled, 5-celled ; cells 2- 
ovuled. Mut coriaceous, I-celled, 1—2-seeded, from abortion. (Don's 
Miull., i. p. 540.) — Timber trees, with a tough fibrous bark, large deciduous 
leaves, mellifluous flowers, and a remarkable bractea attached to the pe- 
duncle of each of the cymes of flowers. Natives of Europe and North 
America. , ; 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; cordate. — The species are 
three, according to some ; and more than twice that number, according to 
others. Our opinion is, that they may be all included under two, 7. europze'a 
and 7’. americana. 
¥% 1. T. euRopm‘a LZ, The European, or common, Lime Tree. 
1 ion. Lin. Sp. 733.; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 552. ; Smith’s Eng. FI., 3. p. 16. : r 
Somme. inte eae Dec. Prod. \. 513, or T. vulgaris Hayne Dend., T. europe‘a borcalis 
Wahl. 
