XXI. AQUIFOLIA CEE: LEX. 157 
A. Leaves spiny-toothea, 
2 1. 4. dquiro‘uium LZ, The prickly-leaved, or common, Holly. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., 181. ; Fl. Dan., 508.; Dec, Prod., 2. p. 14.; Don's Milt., % p. 10. 
Synonymes. The holly, being a native of most parts of Europe, and being every where much ad- 
mired, has several names in most living Curopean languages: Hulver, Hulfere, and Holme, Eng. ; 
Le Houx, Fr. ; Stechpalme, Stechlaub, Hulse, Christdorn, Mausdorn, Kleezebusch, Ger. ; 
Schubbig hardkelk, Dutch ; Stikpalme, Danish; Jernek, Christtorn, Swedish ; Waefoseheld, 
Ostrokof, Padub, Russ. ; Agrifolio, Ital. ; Acebo, Span.; Azevinho, Port. 
ee Smith Eng. Bot, t. 496.; the plate of the species in Arb. Brit, lst edit., vol. v.; and 
our jig, 215. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves oblong, shining, wavy, spiny-toothed. Peduncles 
axillary. Flowers nearly umbellate. A handsome, conical, evergreen 
tree. Europe and Britain. Height 20 ft. to 30 ft. in a wild state; and 
215. Mex Aquifolium. 
twice that height, or upwards, in a state of cultivation. Flowers white; 
May. Fruit red; ripe in September, and remaining on the tree all the 
winter. The lower leaves are very spinous; while the upper ones, espe- 
a oe old trees, are entire. Decaying leaves yellow, dropping in June 
or July. 
Varieties. In general the variegation of plants, more especially of trees and 
shrubs, is accompanied by a ragged, or otherwise unhealthy, appearance in 
the leaves ; but the holly is one of the very few exceptions to this rule. 
The variegations of the holly are chiefly confined to the modification of 
white and yellow in the leaves: but there are some sorts in which the 
variation results from the state of the leaves with reference to prickles, to 
magnitude, and to form; and others consist of differences in the colour 
of the fruit, which is red, yellow, or white, and black. These varieties are, 
for the most part. without names, and those in the following groups ap- 
pear to us to beall that are truly distinct ; but the shades of difference under 
each name in these groups are almost innumerable. 
