XXII. RHAMNA CEE! ZI’/ZYPHUS. 167 
deciduous or evergreen. Flowers axillary or terminal. — Chiefly natives of 
Europe or North America. 
They are ornamental in British gardens and shrubberies, chiefly from the va- 
riety of their foliage, and from their berries ; but some of them, as Ceanothus, 
from their flowers. They are all of easy culture; and they are propagated by 
seeds, cuttings, or layers. The hardy genera in British gardens are six ; which 
are characterised as follows : — 
Zyvzxpuus Tourn. Petals 5. Styles 2—3. Fruit an ovoid mucilaginous drupe. 
Nuts 1—3-celled. Seed compressed. A deciduous low tree or shrub. 
Pauiu‘rus Tourn. Petals 5, Styles 3. Fruit dry, indehiscent, girded with 
a broad membranaceous wing, 3-celled. Seed ovate. Spiny shrubs. 
BercneMi4 Necker. Vetals 5. Style 1. Stigmas 2. Fruit an oblong dry 
drupe ; the nut 2-celled. A twining deciduous shrub from Carolina. 
Rua’aunus Lam. Petals in some absent. Style 2—4-cleft. Fruit nearly 
dry, or berried, 2—4-celled. Seed oblong. Shrubs or small trees, deciduous 
or evergreen ; chiefly natives of Europe, but some of N. America and Asia. 
Coute‘tz4 Comm. Corolla none. Style ending in 3 teeth. Fruit a 3-celled 
capsule. Spiny shrubs ; natives of Peru or Chile. 
Ceano‘ruus L. Petals 5. Styles 2—3, united. Fruit a dry berry, 3-celled, 
rarely 2—4-celled. Seed ovate. Shrubs, evergreen or deciduous, from 
North America. 
Genus I. 
vlial 
ZYZYPHUS Tourn. Tue, Jususe. Lin. Syst. Pentandria Di-Trigynia. 
Identification. Tourn. Inst., t.403.; Gert. Fruct., 1. p.43; Lam. Il., t. 185,; Dec. Prod., 2. 
p. 198. ; Brongo. Mém. Rham., p. 47. 
Synonymes. Jujubier, Fr.; Judendorn, Ger.; Giuggiolo, Ital. 
Derivation. From xizouwf, the Arabic name of the lotus. 
Gen. Char. Calyx spreading, 5-cleft. Petals 5, obovate, unguiculate, convolute. 
Stamens 5, exserted. -Anthers ovate, 2-celled. Disk flat, pentagonal, ex- 
panded, adhering to the tube of the calyx. Ovary 2—3-celled, immersed 
in the disk. Styles 2—3. Fruit fleshy, containing a 1—2-celled nut. 
(Don’s Mil., 2. p. 23.) ; 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; 3-nerved. Flowers axil- 
lary. — Only one hardy species. A low tree or shrub from Syria. 
¥ 1. Z. vutea‘ris Lam. The common, or cultivated, Jujube. 
Identification. Lam. Ill., 185. f. 1.3; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 19. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 23. 
Synonymes. Rh&mnus Zizyphus Lin. Spec. 282., Pall. Fl. Ross. 2. t.59.; Z. sativa Desf. Arb. 2. 
‘p. 373., N. Du Ham. t.i6., but not of Gert.; Z. Jijuba Mill. Dict. No. 1., but not of Lam. ; 
Jujubier cultivé, Fr. ; Brustbeeren, Ger.; Giuggiolo, Jtal. 
Engravings. Lam. Ill., 185. f. 1. ; N. Du Ham., 3. t. 16. ; and our fig. 240. 
Spec. Char., §c. Branchlets glabrous. Leaves ovate, retuse, denticulate, 
glabrous; or, beneath, pubescent along the nerves. Prickles not any, or 
twin, one of them recurved. Drupe ovate-oblong. (Dec. Prod.) A deci- 
duous tree. The South of Europe and Syria. Height in the South of 
Europe 20 ft. to 30ft.; and in England 5ft. to 10 ft. Introduced in 1640. 
Flowers greenish yellow; August and September. Fruit blood-red o1 
saffron ; rarely seen in England. 
Stem thick, cylindrical, somewhat twisted. The bark is brown, and rather 
chapped. The branches are numerous, pliant, armed with prickles, zigzag in 
their direction; the prickles at the joints being two of unequal size, of which 
one is almost straight, and the other shorter and quite straight. The leaves 
are alternate and oval-oblong, somewhat hard and coriaceous. The flowers 
are small, axillary, of a pale yellow colour, with short peduncles. The fruit 
mu 
