168 ARBORETUM ET FRUVICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
is oval-oblong, resembling that of the olive; at 
first green, afterwards yellow, and entirely red 
when ripe. The juice of the fruit is used for 
making the jujube lozenges. The plant is 
tolerably hardy ; having stood the winter of 
1837-8 in the Hort. Soc. Garden. It is easily 
increased by cuttings of the roots, whether of 
young or old trees; or by suckers, which it $2 
throws up in the greatest abundance. Seeds 
of it may also be procured from Italy. 
Other Species of Zizyphus. — Z. sinénsis Lam. 
has been cultivated in the Hort. Soc. Garden 
but it is only half-hardy ; and the same may 
be said of Z. spina Christi, Z. flerudsa, and 
Z. inctirva, which are marked in some cata- 
logues as hardy. 
* DY 
240. Zizyphus vulgaris. 
Genus II. 
PALIU‘RUS L. Tue Patiurus, or Carist’s THORN. Lin. Syst. Pentandria 
Trigynia. 
idend ation, Tourn. Inst., t. 386.; D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep., p. 189. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 22. ; Don’s 
Mill., 2. p. 23.; Brongn. Mém. Rham., p. 46. 
Synonymes. Paliure, Porte-chapeau, Fr.; Judendorn, Ger.; Paliuro, Ital. ee 
Derivation. From pailé, to move, and ouyron, urine; in allusion to its diuretic qualities; or from 
Paliurus, the name of a town in Africa, now called Nabil. 
Gen. Char. Calyx spreading, 5-cleft. Petals 5, obovate, convolute. Stamens 
5, protruding, Anthers ovate, 2-celled. Disk flat, pentagonal. Ovary 3-celled. 
Styles 3. Fruit dry, indehiscent, expanding into a membrane round the disk, 
containing a 3-celled nut. (Don’s Mill.) 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; nerved with spines in the 
axils, Flowers axillary, greenish yellow. 
Two species are hardy, and very ornamental from their shining leaves, and 
abundance of rich greenish yellow flowers, which are succeeded by fruit of 
rather a singular form. Propagated by seeds, which they produce in England, 
in abundance. 
¥ 2 1. P.acuiea‘tus Lam. The prickly Paliurus, or Chrisé’s Thorn. 
Identification. Lam, Ill.,t. 210.; Fl. Fr., ed. 3., No. 4081.; N. Du Ham., 3. t.17.; Don’s Mill., 2. 
p. 23. 
Synonymes. P.pétasus Dum. Cours. 6. p. 266.; P. australis Gert. Fruct. 1.t. 43. f.5.; P.vulgaris 
D. ‘bon Prod. Fl. Nep.189.; Rhamnus Palidrus Lin. Spec. 281.; Zizyphus Palidrus Willd. 
Spec.1. p. 1183., Sims Bot. Mag.t. 1893.; Christ’s Thorn, or Ram of Libya, Gerard; E’pine de 
Christ, Argalon, Porte-chapeau, I"; gefliigelter Judendorn, Ger.; Giuggolo salvatico, Zta/. ; Xlin, 
in the herb-shops of Constantinople, where the seeds are sold as a medicine, and as a yellow dye. 
Engravings. Lam. Ill., t.210.; N. Du Ham., 3. t.17.; Bot. Mag., t. 1893. ; the plates of this 
species, both in a young and an old state, in Arb. Brit., Ist edit., vol. v.; and our fig. 241. 
Spec. Char., $c. Branchlets pubescent. Leaves ovate, serrulated, quite 
smooth, 3-nerved, with two spines at the base, one straight, the other re- 
curved. Flowers in axillary crowded umbellules ; few in an umbellule. 
Wing of capsule crenated. (Don’s Afil.) A branching deciduous shrub, or 
low tree. South of Europe, and North and West of Asia, Height 15 ft. to 
30 ft. Introduced in 1596. Flowers greenish yellow; June and July. 
Fruit yellow ; ripe in September. 
The fruit is buckler-shaped, flat and thin, but coriaceous. From the sin- 
gular appearance of this fruit, which has the footstalk attached to the middle, 
which is raised ike the crown of a hat; and the flattened disk, which re- 
