172 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
# R. A. 7 foliis argénteis,— This variety, which is very conspicuous from 
the large proportion of the leaves which is white, is more tender than 
some of the others. It generally does best against a wall, and is well 
worth a place there, on account of its splendid appearance, especially 
in winter. 
In British gardens, this shrub is particularly valuable for the rapidity of its 
growth in almost any soil and situation, more especially the narrow-leaved 
variety. It is less injured by the smoke of coal than most other evergreens. 
The species, and all the varieties, are readily pro- 
pagated by cuttings, which are taken off in autumn, 
and planted in sandy soil, in a shady border, and 
covered with a hand-glass. As the roots are not 
very productive of fibres, when large plants are 
chosen, they should be such as have been reared in 
pots, in order that they may receive no check from 
removal. 
&# 2. R. sy’Bripus L’ Hérit. The hybrid Alaternus, 
Identification. L’Hérit. Sert., t. 5.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 23. ; Don’s 
Mill, 2. p. 33. 
Synonyme. AR. burgundiacus Hort. Par.; R. sempervirens Hor- 
Bagrovings: L’Herit. Sert., t. 5.; and our fig. 248. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves oblong, acuminated, ser- 
rated, smooth, shining, hardly permanent, rather 
coriaceous. Flowers androgynous. (Don’s Mill.) 
A garden hybrid, a sub-evergreen shrub, raised = 
from R. alpinus, fecundated by R. Alatérnus, and 
forming a very distinct and desirable kind, which, 
in British gardens, grows to the height of 10 or 
12 feet. The flowers are green, and appear in May \ 
or June. 218. Rh4mnus hybridus. 
B. Rud’unus Dec. Flowers 4-cleft, in Fascicles. 
a. Branchlets terminating in a Thorn. 
% & 3, R.carua’rticus L. The purging Buckthorn. 
Identification. Lin. Spec., 280.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 24. Don’s 
Mill., 2. p. 30. 
Synonyme. The White Thorn of the modern Greeks. 
Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1629.; N. Du Ham., 2.t.10.; the 
plate of this species in Arb. Brit., lst edit., vol. v. ; and our 
fig. 249. 
Spec. Char., §c. Erect. Leaves ovate, toothed. 
Flowers in fascicles, polygamo-dicecious. Berries 
4-seeded, rather globose. (Don’s Mill.) A deci- 
duous shrub or low tree. Europe and Britain, 
in woods and thickets, on calcareous loamy soil. 
Height 10 ft. to 12 ft.; in cultivation, 12 ft. to 
15 ft. Flowers yellowish green, with very narrow 
petals; May. Berry black ; ripe in September. 
Decaying leaves yellowish green. Naked young 
wood whitish. 
The flowers are, for the most part, hermaphro- 
dite, and in a wild state abundant and clustered ; 
but in a state of cultivation they are fewer, and 
nearly solitary. The juice of the unripe berries 
is of the colour of saffron, and it is used for staining 
maps or paper: they are sold under the name of 249. Rh&mnus cathirticus. 
French berries. The juice of the ripe berries, mixed with alum, forms the sap 
