XXV. LEGUMINA CEA GYMNO’CLADUS. 255 
which it is difficult to say any thing satisfactory in the present young and im- 
mature state of the plants. In the Hort. Soc. Garden, there were in 1837 
G. micracantha, G. Boqui, and G. pre‘cox; and in Messrs. Loddiges’s arbo- 
retum were plants marked G. aquatica, which are evidently the same as G. 
monosperma, G. orientalis, evidently G. férox, G. chinénsis (already mentioned) ; 
and some joung plants without names. 
Genus XXI. 
a 
GYMNO’CLADUS Lam. Tur Gymnoctapus. Lim. Syst. Dice'cia 
Decandria. 
Identification. Lam. Dict., 1. p. 733, ; Il., t. 823. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 479. 
Derivation. From gummnos, naked, and klados, a branch ; from the naked appearance of the branches 
during winter, when they seem, unless perhaps at the points of the shoots, totally devoid of buds. 
Gen, Char. Flowers dicecious from abortion. Calyx tubular, 5-cleft. Petals 
5, equal, oblong, exserted from the tube. Stamens 10, enclosed. Legume 
oblong, thick, filled with pulp inside. (Don’s Mill.) 
Leaves compound, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; bipinnate. Flowers 
in terminal racemes, white. — A tree, deciduous, with upright pranches and 
inconspicuous buds ; native of North America. 
#1. G.canape’nsis Lam, The Canada Gymnocladus, or Kentucky 
Coffee Tree. 
Identification, Lam. Dict., 1. p. 733., and Ill., ct. 823.; Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. p. 241.3; Dec. 
Prod., 2. p. 480. ; Don’s Mill. 2. p. 429. 
Synonymes. Guilanding dioica Lin. Sp. 546.; Hyperanthéra dioica Vahl Symb. 1. p. 31., Duh. 
Arb. 1, t. 103. ; Nicker Tree, Stump Tree, United States; Bonduc, Chiquier, Fy.; Chicot, Ca- 
nadian ; Canadischer Schusserbaum, Ger. 
Engravings. Reich. Mag., t. 40.; Duh. Arb., t. 103. ; our plates of this tree in Arb. Brit., Ist edit., 
vol. v.; and our jig. 418. 
Spec. Char., §c. Branches blunt at the tip, bipinnate leaves, flowers in ra- 
cemes, and whitish petals. The leaf has 4—7 pinne; the lower of which 
consist each of but a single leaflet, the rest each of 6—8 pairs of leaflets. 
(Dec Prod.) A singular tree. Canada. Height 30 ft. to 60 ft. Introduced 
in 1748. Flowers white; May to July. Decaying leaves yellow. Naked 
young wood of a mealy white, without any appearance of buds. 
The branches have almost always an upright direction; and the appearance 
of the head, in the winter season, is remarkable, from being fastigiate, and from 
the points of the branches being few, and thick and blunt, as compared with 
those of almost every other tree. They are also wholly without the ap- 
pearance of buds; and this latter circumstance, connected with the former, 
gives the tree, during winter, the appearance of being dead; and hence the 
Canadian name of chicot, or stump tree. The leaves, on young thriving trees, 
are 3 ft. long, and 20 in. wide; but, on trees nearly full grown, they are not 
half that size. The leaflets are of a dull bluish green, and the branches of 
the petioles are somewhat of a violet colour. It is very hardy, and flowers 
freely in the neighbourhood of London, but does not produce pods. The 
wood is hard, compact, strong, tough, and of a fine rose colour. In America, 
it is used both in cabinet-making and carpentry, and, like the wood of the 
robinia, it has the remarkable property of rapidly converting its sap-wood into 
heart-wood; so that a trunk 6 in. in diameter has not more than six lines of 
sap-wood, and may, consequently, be almost entirely employed for useful pur- 
poses. The seeds were, at one time, roasted and ground as a substitute for 
coffee in Kentucky and Tennessee; but their use in this way has been long 
since discontinued. The pods, preserved like those of the tamarind (to which 
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