278 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
3. Heaumiers, the Helmet-shaped Cherries (C. Juliana var. heaumiina Dec.), 
somewhat resembling the bigarreau, but with less firm flesh. 
Variety of this race used for ornamental purposes. ¢ 
* C.s. durdcina 2 flore pléno Hort., the double flowered wild black 
Cherry ; Mérisier & Fleurs doubles, or Mérisier Renunculier, Fr. ; 
is a very beautiful variety, known, in the garden of the Hort. Soc., 
as the double French white. : 
4, Bigarreautiers, the Bigarreaus, or hard-fleshed Cherries (C. duracina Dec.) 
with white, flesh-coloured, and black fruit, generally heart-shaped. 
447. Cérasus sylvéstris. 
The colour of the fruit of the wild species is avery deep dark red, or 
black ; the flesh is of the same colour, small in quantity, austere and bitter 
before it comes to maturity, and insipid when the fruit is perfectly ripe. The 
nut is oval or ovate, like the fruit, firmly adhering to the flesh, and very large 
in proportion to the size of the fruit. The juice is mostly coloured ; and the 
skin does not separate from the flesh. 
¥ 2. C. vutea‘ris Mill. The common Cherry Tree. 
Identification. Mill. Dict., No.1.; N. Du Ham, 5. p. 18. 
Synonymes and Garden Names. Cérasus avium Moench; Prunus Cérasus Lin. Sp.679.; C. hor- 
ténsis Pers. Syn. 2. p.34.; C. capronidna Dec. Prod. 2. p.536., Den’s Mill. 2. p.507.; P. 
austéra and P. acida Ehr. Bettr. 7. p. 129, and 130.; P. Cérasus var. a Eng. Flor. 2. p. 354.; Cherry, 
Kentish or Flemish Cherry, Morello, May Duke; Cerise de Montmorency, Cerise de Paris, 
Cerise 4 Fruits ronds, Cerisier du Nord, Cerisier, and Griottier in some provinces, Fr.; Saure 
Kirsche, Gev.; Marasca, or Ciliegio, Ital. 
Derivation. Capronidna is said to be derived from capron, the hautbois strawberry, probably from 
this cherry possessing so much more flavour than C. sylvéstris. Morello is either from morel 
(Morckélla esculénta), the flesh being of the same consistency as the flesh of that fungus; or, 
perhaps, from the French word moreile, a female negro. May Duke is a corruption of Médoc, 
the province of France where the variety is supposed to have been originated. Griottier is said 
to be derived from aigreur, sourness, or sharpness, and applied to this cherry from the acidity of 
its fruit. 
Engravings. Eng, Bot. t.706.; Arb. Brit., lst edit., vol. vi., as Cérasus avium ; and our fig. 448. 
Spec. Char., §c. Tree small, branches spreading. Flowers in subsessile um- 
bels, not numerous. Leaves oval-lanceolate, toothed, glabrous. A decidu- 
ous tree, Europe and Britain, in gardens and plantations. Height 30 ft. to 
40 ft. Flowers white; May. Drupe red; ripe in July. Decaying leaves 
red and yellow. 
Varieties. — There are numerous cultivated varieties, which are classed by 
Loiseleur in the Nouveau Du Hamel in three groups, including in the first 
