XXVII. CALYCANTHA CEH! CHIMONA/NTHUS. 455 
Synonymes. Meratia Nees Act. Soc. Nat. Bonn. 11. p. 107. ; Calyeanthi sp. Linn. 
Derivatt From chetmén, winter, and anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the season of its flowering. 
Gen. Char, Lobes of calyx imbricate, oval, obtuse ; outer ones in the form of 
bracteas; inner ones larger, and appearing likea corolla. Stamens nearly equal, 
permanent, the five outer ones fertile, connate at the base. (Don's Mill.) 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; entire. Flowers rising be- 
fore the leaves, in the axils of the leaves of the preceding year ; very sweet- 
scented; yellowish, but purplish inside. Bark and leaves without scent. 
A deciduous shrub, a native of Japan; remarkable for the fragrance of its 
flowers, which are produced from December till March, even in the open 
garden, in the neighbourhood of London, and more especially if the plant 
is trained against a wall. The blossoms are produced singly, in the axils 
of the leaves, on the shoots of the preceding year, and also on spurs pro- 
ceeding from the old wood. The soil, culture, &c., are the same as for 
Calycanthus. 
% ), C. rra‘crans Lindl. The fragrant-flowered Chimonanthus. 
Identification. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 404. 451.; Dec. Prod., 3. p. 2,; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 652. 
Synonymes. CalycAnthus pre‘cox Lin. Sp.1718., Att. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 220. t. 10., Curt. 
Bot. Mag. t. 466., Lam. Ill. t. 445, t. 2.; Meratza fragrans Nees Act. Soc. Nat. Bonn. 11. p. 107. ; 
O*bai, or Rdbai, Kaupt. Ameen. 879. ic. ; the Winter-Flower ; Calycante de Japon, Fr.; Japa- 
nische Kelch Blume, Ger. | i 
Engravings, Kempf. Amen. ic.; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1. vol. ii. t.10.; Bot. Mag., t. 466.; Lam. 
ih, t. 445. t. 2. ; and our fig. 815. 
Spec. Char., §c. Bark and leaves scentless. Flowers protruded before the 
leaves, solitary in the old axils of leaves, extremely odorous, yellowish, and 
purple within. Fruit flask-shaped, or thicker above the 
base, and in the upper part tapered into a cylindrical 
neck. (Dec. Prod.) A deciduous shrub. Japan. Height 
6ft. to 8ft. as a bush, 
twice that height when 
trained against a wall. 
Introduced in 1776. 
Flowers yellowish and 
purple within; December | 
to March. Fruit flask- 7 
shaped. Decaying leaves 
greenish. Naked young 
wood light grey. 
815. C. fragrans. 
816. C. fragrans grandiflurus. 
Varieties. 
& C, f. 2 grandiflorus Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 451.5 and our fig. 816.— Flowers 
arger, and more spreading. Fruit oblong, tapered at the base. 
(Dec. Prod.) ee : 
& C.f, 3liteus Hort. has the flowers yellow both inside and outside. 
% C.f.4 parviflérus Hort.— A distinct late-flowering variety. Plants 
in the Horticultural Society’s Garden. 
The flowers, which are produced in the greatest abundance from November 
till March (as the name, winter-flower, implies), and which are delightfully and 
refreshingly fragrant, scent the air to a considerable distance round the tree. 
It is grown in most choice gardens for its flowers; a few of which are 
gathered daily, and placed in the drawingroom or boudoir, in the same man- 
ner as violets. The plant is generally propagated by layers ; but it frequently 
roduces seeds, from which many plants have been raised. The variety C. f. 
grandiflorus has the fiowers rather less fragrant than the species, but they are 
much more ornamental. No garden whatever ought to be without this shrub. 
North of London, it deserves a wall as much as any fruit tree; at least, 
judging from the measure of enjoyment ae it is calculated to afford: and, 
GG 
