XXXVI. ARALIA‘CEZ: HE’DERA. 497 
merous. Involucre small, of few leaves. Petals white and reflexed. Styles 
5, divaricate, arched. Fruit 5-ribbed. (Don’s Mill.) An erect suffrutes- 
cent plant, with the habit of a tree. Carolina and Virginia, in low, fertile, 
moist woods. Height 10 ft. to 12ft. Introduced in 1688. Flowers 
greenish white ; August and September. 
An infusion of the fruit, in wine or spirit, is considered an effectual cure for 
the rheumatism. In British gardens, this species is propagated by cuttings of 
the roots ; and, from its Jarge doubly and trebly pinnate leaves, it forms a 
singularly ornamental plant, with a spreading, umbrella-like head, when stand- 
ing singly ona lawn. After the plant flowers, the stem commonly dies down 
to the ground, like that of the raspberry, and, like it, is succeeded by suckers. 
Pursh “ mentions a variety in which the petioles of the leaves are without 
prickles.” 
& 2. A. yapo’Nica Thunb. The Japan Aralia. 
Identification. Thunb. Jap., p. 128.; Blume Bijdr., p. 371. ; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 389. 
Engraving. Our fig.2091. in p.1107- 
Spec. Char., §c. Stem shrubby, unarmed. Leaves petiolate, 7-nerved, 7-lobed ; 
lobes ovate, serrated at the apex. Panicles terminal. Peduncles umbel- 
liferous. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous in the adult state, but when young 
woolly on both surfaces. (Don’s Mill.) A suffrutescent erect shrub. Japan, 
near Nagasaki. Height 5 ft. to 6 ft. Introduced in 1838. Flowers white. 
Fruit striated. ; 
Genus II. 
Bhd 
HE’DERA Swartz. TuelIvy. Lin. Syst. Pent-Decandria, and Pent- 
Decagynia. 
Identification. Swartz Fl. Ind. Occ., p. 581.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 261.; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 391. 
Synonymes. Aralia sect. Gymnépterum Blum. Bijdr. p. 871.; Hédera and Ardalia sp. Lin. ; Lierre, 
Fr.; Ephen, Ger.; Edera, Ital. 
Derivation. Various etymologies have been proposed for the word Hédera ; but the most probable 
supposition appears to be, that it is derived from the Celtic word hediva,a cord. The English 
word Ivy is derived from the Celtic word, iw, green. 
Gen. Char. Calyx margin elevated or toothed. Petals 5—10, not cohering 
at the apex in the form of acalyptra. Stumens 5—10._ Styles 5—10, con- 
niving, or joined in one. Berry 5—10-celled. (Don’s Mill.) 
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, evergreen ; lobed. Flowers umbellate 
or capitate. Fruit dark purple, or black. 
Evergreen shrubs, climbing by the clasping roots produced by their stems, 
or creeping on the ground when without support. Natives of Europe and Asia, 
al. H. Hex L. The common Ivy. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., 292.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 261.; Don’s Mill., 3. p.391. 
Derivation. Helix is derived from e#led, to encompass, or turn round; in reference to the clasping 
stems, which, however, are not twining. 
ec. Char. §c. Stems climbing, throwing out roots from their sides to any 
object next which they may be placed. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, 
shining, with 5 angular lobes; those on the old upright and rectangular 
branches, which form the tops of the plants, ovate, acute, quite entire. 
Umbels simple, pubescent. (Don’s Mill.) A well-known evergreen climber 
and creeper. Europe and Britain, in woods. Stem 20 ft. to 60 ft. Flowers 
greenish yellow, or greenish ; October and November. Fruit black ; ripe 
in April. 
Varieties. DeCandolle has enumerated three forms of this species which are 
independent of the varieties cultivated in British gardens : — 
KK 
