XLVI. OLEA‘CER!: SYRI'NGA. 635 
Tt requires to be grown in moist soil, either sandy peat or sandy loam, and 
in a sheltered situation, It may be propagated by layers ; but as seeds are 
easily imported from America, and as the plant does not root very readily, 
that mode is not often adopted. It may also be propagated by grafting on the 
common ash, 
O*‘LEA.—Though most of the species of this genus are too tender to stand 
the open air in Britain, yet there is one variety of the common olive, obtained 
from Nikita in the Crimea, which has lived q 
through the winter of 1837-8, as a standard, 
in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, and 
O. americana L. (fig. 1236.) has lived 
against a wall at Messrs. Loddiges. This 
tree is the devil-wood of the Americans, a 
native of the southern states, as far north 
as Norfolk in Virginia, It is sometimes 
found as high as 30 or 35 feet; but its 
ordinary height is 10 or 12 feet. The leaves 
are 4 or 5 inches long, of a shining light 
green; and they remain on two or three 
years. The flowers are very small, of a 
pale yellow, and strongly scented ; appear- 
ing about the end of April. The fruit is 
round, about twice the size of the common 
pea; and, when ripe, of a purple colour, 
approaching to blue. It ripens in America 
in October, and remains attached to the tree during a great part of the winter, 
forming a fine contrast to the foliage. 
1236. O‘lea americina. 
Sect. II. Syvrrncresz. 
Genus IV. 
SYRI'NGA L. Tue Livac. Lin. Syst. Diandria Monogynia. 
Ident cation. Lin. Gen., No. 22. ; Don’s Mill., 4. p. 51. 
eae Lilac Tourn. Inst. t. 372., Juss. Gen. p.105.; Lilas, Fy.; Flieder, Ger. ; Lilaco, Ital. 
Derivation. From strinz, the native name in Barbary. The tubes of the finest Turkish pipes are 
manufactured from the wood of this shrub; and also from that of the Philadélphus coronarius, 
to which the name was originally given. Hence the old English name of Pipe Tree, which was 
applied both to the Philadélphus and the Syring&. Lilac is from diac, or lilag, the Persian word 
. for a flower. 
Gen. Char., §c. Calyx small, 4-toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped, with a 4- 
parted limb. Stamens 2, enclosed. Stigma trifid. Capsule ovate, coin- 
pressed, 2-celled, 2-valved, 2-seeded; valves navicular, with a narrow 
dissepiment in the middle. (Don’s Mill.) : : 
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, deciduous ; entire. Flowers in 
thyrsoid terminal panicles, oppositely branched, purple or white. — Shrubs 
or low trees; natives of Europe or Asia. 
Highly valued in the gardens of temperate climates for the beauty and 
fracrance of their flowers, and the profusion in which these are produced 
in spring. The natural mode of prcpagating is by suckers, which all the 
species produce in abundance ; and they will all grow in any common soil, All 
the species may be grafted on the ash (See Gard. Mag., 1840, p. 37.) 
