696 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
natives of Europe, Asia, and North America ; propagated by seeds, or cut- 
tings of the roots, in dry soil. The genera are three, which are thus 
contradistinguished : — 
Evaa’enus Tourn. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-lobed. Stamens 4. 
ivpo’puak L. Flowers dicecious. Calyx of 2 petals. Stamens 4. 
Snepue’rpl4 Nutt. Flowers dicecious. Calyx 4-cleft. Stamens 8. 
Genus I. 
elal 
ELZA/GNUS Tourn. Tur Evmea’enus, OLEASTER, or WILD OLIVE 
TreEE. Lin, Syst. Tetrandria Monogynia. 
Identification. Tourn. Cor., §1.; N. Du Ham., 2. p. 87. 
Synonymes. Chalef, Fr.; Wilde Oelbaum, Ger.; Eleagno, Stal. oe 
Derivation. “The elaiagnos of Theophrastus was a plant with hoary leaves, growing in marshy 
places in Arcadia, and was probably a species of Salix, although certainly not S. babylénica, as 
Sprengel has stated it tobe. It was named from its resemblance to the edaza, or olive, from which 
it differed in not bearing fruit. Dioscorides writes el@agros, which means the wild olive; and 
some botanists have adopted this reading, which is most likely the true one. The plants to which 
the name Eleaguus is now applied are also something like the olive. The French call the Zleag- 
nus, chalef; a slight alteration according to Golius, of khaléf, the Arabic name of the willow ; 
but more probably of Aadaf, the Persian name of the Eledgnus itself.” (Lindley in Bot. Reg., 
t. 1156.) Oleaster is a Latin word, which is interpreted a wild olive tree ; and perhaps it is 
derived from odea, an olive tree, and zzstar, likeness. 
Gen. Char., §c. Flowers some bisexual, some male only; both kinds on 
one plant.— Bisexual flower. Calyx resembling, internally, a corolla, tu- 
bular below, bell-shaped above, with a slightly spreading lobed deciduous 
limb. Lobes mostly 4; the tubular part includes the ovary and part of the 
style, and bears at its mouth a conical crown, through which the style 
passes. Style long. Stigma clavate, or coiled. Stamens arising from the 
bottom of the bell-shaped part, shorter than it, alternate with its lobes ; 
the filaments adnate to it, except at their tip. Ovary oblong. Fruit an 
achenium — Male flower. Calyx resembling, internally, a corolla, bell- 
shaped, with a limb of 46—8 lobes. Stamens of the number of the 
lobes, otherwise as in the bisexual flower. (G. Don.) 
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, deciduous; bearing, as does the bark 
of growing shoots, scales or stars of hairs. Flowers axillary, pediceled. Fruit, 
in some, edible.— Shrubs or low trees, deciduous ; natives of Europe, Asia, 
and North America; which grow freely in any soil tolerably dry, and are 
readily propagated by seeds, layers, or cuttings. 
¥ 1. E. uorte’nsis Bieb. The Garden Elzagnus, Oleaster, or Wild 
Olive Tree. 
Identification. Bieb. Fl. Taur. Caue., p. 113. 
Synonymes. E. angustifdlia L., Willd. Sp. Pl. 1. p. 688.3; E. songarica Fisch.; E.inérmis Mill. Dict. 
No. 2.; E. argénteus Manch Meth. p. 638.; £. orientalis Delisle; ? E. argéntea Wats. Dend. 
Brit. t.161.; Jerusalem Willow; Olivier de Bohéme, Chalef 4 Feuilles étroites, Fr.; schmal- 
blattriger Oleaster, Gev.; Albero di Paradiso, Ital. 
Engravings. N. Du Ham., 1. t.89.; Bot. Reg., t, 1156.; the plate in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii. ; 
and our figs. 1362. and 1363. 
Spec. Char., §&c. Leaves lanceolate, hoary all over, as are the shoots of the 
current year, with stars of hairs of a hoary colour. Branches brown and 
smooth, moreor less spiny. Leaves 2 in. to 3 in. long ; upon the upper surface 
whitish green, and upon the under one very hoary. Flowers 2 or 3 together, 
axillary, upon short peduncles, fragrant: bisexual flowers 4-cleft, interior of 
a pale yellow; male ones 5- or more cleft, interior of a golden yellow. 
Both are furnished on the exterior with stars of hairs, like the under 
surface of the leaves. A large deciduous shrub or low tree. South of 
Europe, in Bohemia, France, Spain, the Levant, Tartary, and various parts 
of Asiatic Russia. Height 15 ft. to 20ft. Introduced in 1633. Flowers 
pale yellow, fragrant; May. Fruit red brown colour, something like a 
date; ripe in October, 
