LXV1. ULMA‘CEH: PLA’NERA. 725 
Distinguished from the white American elm by its buds, which are larger 
and rounder; and which, a fortnight before their developement, are covered 
with a russet down. It is less abundant than the white American elm ; and 
the two species are rarely found together, as the red elm requires a substantial 
soil, free from moisture, and even delights in elevated and open situations. 
The heart-wood is coarser-grained and less compact than that of U. ameri- 
cana, and is of a dull red tinge; whence the name of red elm. There are 
small plants bearing the name of U. filva, in Loddiges’s arboretum ; but they 
are scarcely, if at all, distinguishable from U. americana. 
£10. U. ava‘ta Michr. The Wahoo, or Cork-winged, Elm. 
Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 173.; Pursh Sept., 1. p. 200. 
Synonymes. U. pimila Walt. Fl. Carol. 111; Wahoo, Indians of North America. 
Engravings. Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 127. ; and our fig. 1403. 
Spec. Char, Sc. Leaves like those of Carpinus Bétulus Z. Branches 
bearing two longitudinal corky wings. Leaves with short petioles, and 
disks that are oblong-oval, narrowed to an acute point, almost equal at the 
base, toothed. Samara downy, bearing a dense fringe of hairs at the edge. 
(Michz.) A middle-sized deciduous tree. Virginia, Carolina, and Georgia. 
Height 30 ft. to 40 ft. Introduced in 1820. Flowers and samara as in the 
preceding species. 
The most remarkable part of this species is, a fungous 
appendage, two or three lines wide, attached to the branches 
throughout their whole length; from which the name of 
alata (winged) has been given. The wood is fine-grained, 
more compact, heavier, and stronger than that of U. ameri- 
cana. The heart-wood is of a dull chocolate colour, and 
always bears a great proportion to the sap-wood. There 
are small plants in Messrs. Loddiges’s collection, which, 
from the leaves, might be taken for those of U. (c.) su- 
berésa; and the engraving in Michaux, from which jig. 
1403. is reduced to our usual scale, closely resembles the 
young shoots and leaves of that tree of U. (c.) suberdsa 
in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, of which a plate is 1 
given in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vil. 1403. Us alate. 
Genus II. 
Fle 
PLA/NERA Gmel. Tue Puanera. Lin. Syst. Polygamia Monee‘cia; or 
Tetr-Pent-andria Digynia. 
Pre pe " ' 
Identification. Groel, Sot, Nati da Eniiags: various authors, as o the Puinera Rich&rdé 
erivation. Named in honour of Planer, professor of botany at Erfurth, who published, in 1788, 
a work entitled Index Plantarum Agri Erfordiensis, in one volume 8vo. 
Gen. Char. Flowers polygamous or moneecious. — Female and bisexual 
flowers. Calyx bell-shaped, distinct from the ovary, membranous, green, 
of one piece, but having 5-ciliate lobes. Stamens in the bisexual flower 
4—85, less developed than those in the male flower. Ovary top-shaped, 
villous. Stigmas 2, sessile. Fruit roundish, pointed, dry.— Male flower. 
Calyz as in the female and bisexual flowers. Stamens 4—5. (G. Don.) 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate or exstipulate, deciduous ; toothed, 
feather-nervad, Flowers small, greenish. Eruit small, whitish when ripe. De- 
caying leaves yellowish green.— Trees, deciduous, natives of Asia and North 
America, with the aspect of the hornbeam, and readily uniting by grafting 
with that tree or the elm. Bark scaling off like that of the Platanus. Pro- 
pagated by grafting on the elm, or bs ee in any common soil, 
A 
