860 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
wood and bark are by 
sume considered as 
having the same pro- 
perties as those of the 
British oak ; but, as it 
is only about a century 
since the tree was in- 
troduced into this 
country, very few spe- 
cimens have attained a > 
sufficient size to be cut 
down for timber, and 
very little experience 
has been obtained on 
the subject. The tree 
is one of very great 
beauty, both in point 
of form and foliage; 
and, being of great 
rapidity of growth, it 
is equalled by few for 
ornamental plantations. 
The foliage of some 
varieties is persistent, 
like that of the beech 
and the hornbeam: and 
of others, supposed to 
be hybrids, it is sub-evergreen, or so near being completely evergreen, as to be 
retained on the trees till May. The species, and most of the varieties, ripen 
acorns in England, from which plants are raised with great facility; but the 
varieties, like those of every other oak, being very liable to sport, can only be 
continued by grafting or by layers. The stocks employed may be either those 
of Q. Cérris, or of the common British oak; and the grafting may be per- 
formed in the whip manner, with as great certainty of success as in grafting 
common fruit trees. 
* 7.Q. A’etops L. The Aegilops, or Valonia, Oak. 
Identification. Lin. Sp. Pl., 1414.; N. Du Ham., 7. p. 175. 
Synonymes. Q. orientalis, &c., Tousn. Cor. 40. ; 2'gilops sive Cérrus mas C. Bauhin, Secondat ; 
Velani Tourn. Voy. 1. p. 128.; Glans Cérri Dalech Hist. 1. p.7. the great prickly-cupped Oak ; 
Chéne Velani, Fr.; Chéne Velantde Bosc; Knopper Eiche, Ger. ; Vallonea, Ital. 
Engravings. Mill. Ic., 2. t. 215.5; Oliv. Travel., t. 13.; N. Du Ham., 7. t. 51.; the plates of this 
tree in Arb. Brit., lst edit., vol. vii.; and our jig. 1565. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves ovate-oblong, with bristle-pointed tooth-like lobes; 
hoary beneath. Calyx of the fruit very large, hemispherical, with lanceo- 
late, elongated, spreading scales. (Smith.) A low deciduous tree. Islands 
of the Archipelago, and throughout all Greece. Height 20 ft. to 50 ft. 
Introduced in 1731, Flowers greenish white; May. Acorns large, brown, 
with numerous lanceolate scales, very ornamental ; ripe in October. 
1564, Q. C. heterophylla. 
Varieties. 
¥ Q. &. 2 péndula Hort.—Branches drooping. 
* Q. H, 3 latifolia Hort.— Leaves rather broader than those of the 
species. 
One of the most splendid species of the genus. In British nurseries it is 
not very common, but it is quite hardy, never injured by frost, and acorns 
may be imported in abundance from the South of France. The cups and 
acorns are annually exported from the Levant in large quantities, and are 
in great demand for tanning, being said to contain more tannin in a given 
bulk of substance than any other vegetable. A tree of this species at Syon, 
