LXX. CORYLA‘CEE: FA‘GUS. 909 
grafting. When the latter practice is adopted, it is found to be more success- 
ful when the scions are of two years’ growth, and when the graft is earthed up 
in the manner practised with the grafts of American oaks. (See p. 862.) 
¥ 2. F. rerruGrNea Ait, The American ferruginous-wooded Beech. 
Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., 3. p. 362. ; Michx. N. Amer.,3. p. 21. 
Synonymes. F. americana latifolia Du Hoi Harbk. 1. p. 269.; red 
Engravings. Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 106.; Wang. Amer., t. 29. 
f. 55. ; and our jig. 1698. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves ovate, acuminate, thickly 
toothed ; downy beneath ; ciliate on the margin. 
(Willd.) A deciduous tree, so much resembiing 
the common European beech, as by some to be 
considered only a variety of it. North America. 
Height 40 ft. to 60 ft. Introduced in 1766, and 
not unfrequent in collections. 
Varieties. 
¥ F. f. 2 carolinidna, F. caroliniana Lodd. 
Cat. ed. 1836. (Our jig. 1697.) — Leaves vo 
somewhat cordate at the base, ovate, slightly 687 7+ careliniana. 
acuminate, obsoletely dentate, and somewhat mucronate. The 
colour is a very dark green, somewhat tinged with purple.when fully 
mature. The veins of the under side of the leaf are somewhat 
hoary. Not common in collections. 
4 F, f. 3 latifolia. F. latifolia of Lee’s Nursery. (Our jig. 1699.) — 
Leaves lanceolate, acumi- 
nate; tapering at the 
base, feather-nerved, much 
longer than those of the 
preceding variety in pro- 
portion to their breadth, 
and of a lighter green. 
1698. J’. ferruginea. 1699. F. f. latifolia. 
The American beech is easily known from the European one by its much 
shorter obtusely pointed buds, with short, roundish, convex scales, which ter- 
minate almost abruptly, and are enclosed in numerous, short, loose scales. 
Its leaves are equally brilliant with those of the white or European beech, a 
little larger and thicker, and more deeply serrated. Its fruit is of the same 
form, but only half as large; while the prickles of its calyx are less “nu- 
merous, but firmer. The wood is somewhat red, or of a rusty hue, when 
mature; whence the name. Propagated by layers and grafting. 
