920 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
#1, 0. vutea‘RIs Willd. The Hop Hornbeam. 
tification. Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p. 469. on 
sien seit Carpinus O’strya Hort. Cliff. 447. ; O'strya carpinifdlia Scop. Carn. No. 1191.3 O’strya 
Bauh. Pin. 427.3 O. itAlica, &c., Mich. Gen. 223. t. 104. 1.1, 2.5 Carpino nero, tal. 
Engravings. Michx. Gen., t. 104. f. 1,2.; Dend. Brit., t. 143. ; N. Du Ham., 2. t. 59, ; the plates 
i this tree in Arb. Brit. Ist edit., vol. viii. ; and our fig. 1717. 
Spec. Char., &c. Strobiles ovate, pendulous. Leaves ovate, acute. Buds 
obtuse. (Willd.) A deciduous tree. Italy and the South of Europe. 
Height 30ft. to 40 ft. Introduced in 1724. Flowers greenish-white ; 
May. Fruit small, whitish brown; ripe in October. 
The hop hornbeam, in its general appearance, bark, branches, and foliage, 
bears a great resemblance to the common hornbeam; but is at once distin- 
1717. 0. vulgaris. 
guished from it by its catkins of female flowers. These consist of blunt 
scales, or bracteal appendages, which are close, and regularly imbricated, so 
as to form a cylindrical strobile, very like the catkin of the female hop ; 
whereas in the common hornbeam the bracteas are open and spreading. The 
tree has a very handsome appearance when in fruit ; and, in favourable situ- 
ations, it will attain nearly as large a size as the common hornbeam. It is 
commonly gratted on the common hornbeam; but, as the growth of the 
former is more rapid than that of the latter, unless the graft is made imme- 
diately above the collar, the trunk of the scion becomes too large for that 
of the stock, and the tree is liable to be blown down, or broken over by the 
wind. Propagating by layers, or by seeds, is therefore a preferable mode. 
¥ 2. O. (2? v.) virar’Nnica Willd, The Virginian Hop Hornbeam. 
Identification. Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 469.; Ait. Hort. Kew., 5. p. 302.; Pursh 2. p. 623. 
Synonymes. CArpinus virginiana Abd. Ins. 2. p. 151.3 Carpinus O’strya virginiana Michz. Fl. Bor. 
Amer. 2. p. 202.3 C. O’strya Michr. N. Amer. Syl. 3. p.30. with the exception of the figure, which 
is that of O. vulgaris ; Iron Wood, Lever Wood, Amer. ; Bois dur, Illinois. 
Engravings. Abb. Ins., 2. t. 75. ; Pluk. Alm., t. 156. f. 1.; and our figs. 1718, 1719. 
Spec. Char., §c. Strobiles ovate-oblong, erect. Leaves ovate-oblong, acu- 
minate. Buds acute, (Willd.) A deciduous tree. New Brunswick to 
