1016 ARBORETUM EL FRUYICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
B. Cones with the Scales not thickened at the Apex. 
a. Natives of Europe and Siberia. 
£ 50. P. Ce'mBra L. The Cembran Pine. 
Identification, Lin. Sp. Pl., 1419.3 Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 3. 
Synonymes. P. foliis quinis, &c., Gmel. Sib. 1. p. 179.3; P. sativa Amm. Ruth. p. 178.3 P. sylvés- 
tris, &c., Bauh. Pin. 491.; P. sylvéstris Cémbro Cam. Epit. p. 42.; Larix sempervirens, &c., 
Breyn. in Act. Nat. Cur. Cent. 7,8.; Pivaster Aledo, &c., Bell. Conifer: p. 20. b. 21.3; Te'da 
arbor, Cémbro Italdrum, Dale Hist. 1. p.47.,; Aphernousli Pine, five-leaved Pine, the Siberian 
Stone Pine, the Swiss Stone Pine; Aroles, 7 Savoy ; Alvies, in Switzerland ; Cembra, in Dau- 
phiné ; Ceinbrot, Eouve, Tinier, Fr.; Ziirbelkiefer, Ger. ; Pino Zimbro, Jéal.; Kedr, Russ. (see 
Pail. Fl. Ross.) 
Engravings. Pall. Ross., 1. t. 2.; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 30, 31.5 the plate of this tree in Arb. 
Brit., 1st edit., vol. viii. ; our sig. 1905. to our usual scale, figs. 1902. to 1904. of the natural size, 
all from Dropmore specimens. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves in fives; sheaths deciduous. Cones ovate, erect, 
about as long as the leaves, and having, when young, the scales 
pubescent; the wings of the seed obliterated ; anthers having a f 
kidney-shaped crest. Buds, in the Dropmore specimens, 
from 1in, to 2in. broad; globose, with a long narrow 
point; white, and without resin; not surrounded by 
smaller buds (see jig. 1902.). Cones about 3 in. long, and 
21 in. broad. Scales 1 in. long, and about the same width 
in the widest part. Seed larger than that of any other 
European species of Pinus, except P. Pinea, din. long, and 
6, in. broad in the widest part, somewhat triangular, and 
wedge-shaped ; without wings, probably from abortion ; and 
having a very hard shell, containing an eatable, oily, white 
kernel, agreeable to the taste. Cotyledons 11 to 13 (see 
Jig. 1903.). A tall tree. Switzerland and Siberia. Height 50 ft. 
to 80 ft. Introduced in 1746. It flowers in May, and ripens its 
cones in the November of the following year. 
Varieties. 
# P. C. 1 sibtrica. P. Cémbra “odd. Cat. ed. 1837; Kedr, Pall. ; 
Cedar of some authors ; the Siberian Stone Pine, or Siberian Cedar, 
Hort.— The cones are said to be longer, and the scales larger, than 
in the Swiss variety ; the leaves are, also, rather shorter; and the 
plant is of much slower growth in England. 
? P. C. 2 pygme‘a. P. C. pumila Pall. Ross.; Slanez, Russ. — Ac- 
cording to Pallas, the trunk of this variety does not exceed 2 in. in 
thickness, and it is rarely above 6 ft. in height; the branches being 
not more than 1 in. in diameter. Some specimens are much lower 
in height, prostrate, and shrubby. 
t P. C. 3 helvética Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836. The Swiss, Cembran, or Stone, 
Pine.— Cones short and roundish, with close scales; and the 
plants of more vigorous growth than the Siberian variety; the 
wood, also, is said to be more fragrant. This is much the com- 
monest form of P. Cémbra in British gardens. 
In England, P. Céméra is an erect tree, with a straight trunk and a smooth 
bark. When standing singly, it is regularly furnished to the summit with 
whorls of branches, which are more persistent than the branches of most 
other species of Abiétine. The leaves are from 3 to 5 ina sheath, three- 
ribbed ; the ribs serrated, one of them green and shining, and the other two 
white and opaque. In most species of pine, it has been observed that during 
winter the leaves incline more towards the shoots which produce them 
than in summer, as if to prevent the snow from lodging on them ; and this is 
said to be much more conspicuously the case with the leaves of P. Cémbra 
than with those of any other species. The male catkins are red, and appear 
at the base of the young shoots. According to Lambert, the flowers have a 
more beautiful appearance than in any other species of pine, being of a bright 
purple; and the unripe full-grown cones, he says, have a bloom upon them 
like that of a ripe Orleans plum. The tree is of remarkably slow growth in 
