1080 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 
summer’s shoots with the leaves on, will root in a vessel of water 
in a very few weeks ; and, if an inch of soil be placed at the bottom 
of the vessel, the fibres will root into it, and the plants may be 
used as if they had been struck in the usual manner. Layers, a 
put down in moist soil, root the first year. 
2 T. sempervirens Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. t. 64. Our fig. 
2007.— Leaves distichous, linear, acute, evergreen, coriaceous, 
glabrous, opaque. (Lamb.) An evergreen tree. Discovered by 
Mr. Menzies, on the north-west coast of America, in 1796; and 
immense trees of it were seen by Dr. Coulter in 1836; but it has 
not yet been introduced. It will probably prove hardy; and, in on 
that case, its introduction would be exceedingly desirable. T. sempervirens 
Genus XII. 
NAAR 
JUNIPERUS L. Tue Juniper, Lin. Syst. Dicecia Monadeélphia. 
Identification. Lin. Gen., No. 1134.3; Juss-, 413.; Lamb. Pin. 2. : 
Synonymes. Sabina Bauh.; Cédrus Tourn. ; Genévrier, Fr. ; Wachholder, Ger. ; Ginepro, I¢al. 
Derivation. From juneprus, rough or rude, Celt., the plants of this genus being stiff shrubs ; or 
from juntores pariens, from the young and old leaves being on the tree at the same time, or with 
reference to the young fruit being produced before the old fruit drops off. 
Gen. Char. Male flowers in axillary or terminal catkins. Pollen of each 
flower in 8—6 cases, attached to the basal edge of the scale, and prominent 
from it.—Female flowers in axillary catkins, resembling a bud ; consisting 
of 13 fleshy ovaries ; bracteated at the base. Ovules 1 to an ovary. The 
ovaries coalesce, and become a fleshy juicy strobile, resembling a berry. 
Seeds 1—8, each obscurely 3-cornered, and having 5 gland-bearing pits 
towards the base. (G. Don.) 
Leaves simple, opposite or ternate, exstipulate, evergreen; narrow, 
rigid, and not rarely minute and scale-shaped. Flowers yellowish, from the 
colour of the pollen.—Trees evergreen, low, or shrubs ; natives of Europe, 
Asia, Africa, and North America; mostly hardy in British gardens. 
The wood of all the species is more or less aromatic, and very durable. The 
species, with the exception of three or four, which have grown to some size, 
and ripened fruit in England, are very imperfectly known to British cultivators ; 
and, probably, some of those kinds which we have given as distinct species 
may prove not tobe so. We could not, however, avoid this, from the im- 
possibility of seeing any plants of many of the kinds, but those which were 
quite young. All the species are readily propagated by seeds, which retain 
their vitality, when kept in the berry, for several years; and, when sown, 
lie one year, and often two years, before they come up. They may also be 
increased by cuttings, planted in sandy soil, in a shady situation, in the autumn, 
and covered with a hand-glass during winter; or by layers. The species in 
British gardens are thus arranged : — 
§ i. Ovycedri.— Leaves spreading in the adult Plants, 
A. Natives of Europe 
1. communis. 2. Oxycedrus. 3. macrocarpa. 
B. Native of Asia. 
4, drupacea. 
C. Natwe of North America. 
5. virginica, 
