ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 



St. Nicholas Liverpool at present serves for a cathedral. The chapter 

 consists of a provost and nine canons. The diocese is divided into thirteen 

 deaneries : St. Thomas (Liverpool south), St. Edv^rard (Liverpool north), 

 Sacred Heart (Liverpool east), St. James (Waterloo), St. Joseph (Southport), 

 St. Bede (Warrmgton), St. Mary (St. Helens), St. Oswald (Wigan), St. Gre- 

 gory (Leyland), St. Augustine (Preston), St. Kentigern (Blackpool), St. Charles 

 (Lancaster), St. Maughold (Isle of Man). Excluding the last-named there 

 are in the diocese 326 secular priests, and 1 18 regular priests, who belong to 

 five orders; the pubHc churches and chapels number 177, and those of 

 communities, &c., 61. 



Salford 



1851-72. William Turner; born at Whittingham, near Preston. 

 1872-92. Herbert Vaughan ; afterwards archbishop and cardinal. 

 1892-1903. John Bilsborrow ; born at Singleton-in-the-Fylde. 

 1903. Louis Charles Casartelli ; born at Manchester. 



The diocese has a cathedral, St. John's, at Salford, with a chapter 

 consisting of provost and ten canons. There are twelve deaneries as follows : 

 St. John (Salford), St. Augustine (Central Manchester), St. Patrick (North 

 Manchester), St. Alban (Blackburn east), St. Peter (Bolton), St. Joseph 

 (Rochdale), St. Mary (Oldham), St. Bede (South Manchester), St. Gregory 

 (Burnley), St. Anne (Manchester), St. Cuthbert (Blackburn west). Mount 

 Carmel (Bury). There are in all 139 puMic churches and chapels and 37 

 chapels of religious communities, &c. ; the secular priests number 237, and 

 the regulars, of seven different orders, 84. 



The Church of England 



In concluding this sketch of the religious history of Lancashire with a 

 returning glance at the Episcopal Church, it is hardly to be expected that we 

 should find in that Church the thousandfold incident and life that characterize 

 Dissent and Free Church history. It is not so much that Dissent and 

 Methodism took the vitality out of the Church of England — it may be that 

 they put some vitality into it — but that the problem of life to an established 

 church, with its existence comparatively unruffled by external pressure or 

 internal schism, is a very much simpler one than that which awaits a mis- 

 sionary church or a free church, whose very existence depends upon its own 

 aggressive vitality. With the single exception of the Non-juring schism, 

 represented by one or two small congregations under a bishop,*'^ none of the 

 wider movements which ruffled the Church in the eighteenth century — the 

 Bangorian Controversy, the Trinitarian and Deistic Controversy, the outburst 

 of Evangelicalism — have any special bearing on Lancashire life, and find no 

 special echo there. What little history the Church of England possesses in 

 the county is limited to the personal history of the bishops of Chester and of the 

 wardens of Manchester, and to the meagre story of parochial growth and 

 subdivision and of church building. The nineteenth century, however, 

 has more to tell. The enormous growth of population and wealth in the 

 county has been reflected, not merely in an unprecedented outburst of church 



"' Dr. Deacon of Manchester is the best known. 

 95 



