A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



Roger Pele became parson of Dalton ; and 

 Cromwell was still mean enough to receive his 

 petty gifts.'" 



Southwell \alued the temporal possessions of 

 the abbey ; then, after the lead had been melted 

 down, and the church and steeple dismantled, 

 the survey of Furness Fells was completed. All 

 the cattle were sold ; and traders came from all 

 parts of the south to buy in this fruitful isle. 

 The inhabitants, however, were given the pre- 

 ference for six score milch neat. Throughout 

 Southwell is kindly to the tenants. They were 

 loyal, he says, and should not suffer for any 

 gentleman's pleasure. He asks for allotments 

 for the beadsmen, and puts in a special plea 

 for seventy-two tall fellows who occupied 

 Beaumont Grange."* Perhaps in the many 

 small grants of the next few years we may 

 trace the effects of his solicitude."' The later 

 history of the abbey is bound up with the 

 general history of Furness, and must be sought 

 elsewhere."" 



The original grant of Stephen to the abbey 

 contained 20 J plough-lands."' In 1200 it has 

 been estimated that the monks owned 37 plough- 

 lands, or some 2,000 acres annually under wheat 

 and other crops."'' The difference is due to the 

 grants made by Robert de Boyville of Kirksanton 

 and Horrum in Copeland (before 11 53); by 

 Godard de Boyville, of a plough-land in Foss in 

 the same district ; "^ by Waltheofson of Edmund, 

 of Newby ; by William Greindorge, of Winter- 

 burn ; and by Richard de Morvill and Avicia his 

 wife, of Selside (before 11 go).'** During this 

 period also the abbey made its well-known agree- 

 ment with the lords of Ulverston for the partition 



'" L. and P. Hen. Fill, xiii (i), 67 ; Beck, op. cit. 

 366. The living was given in lieu of a pension of 

 100 marks {L. and P. Hen. Fill, (xiii (i), p. 583). 



"«Z. and P. loc. cit. 



'» Ibid, xiii (l), pp. 587-8. 



'"' See Beck, 361-6 ; West, 137, md passim. The 

 possessions were generally annexed to the Duchy in 

 32 Hen. VIII {L. and P. xv, 498). Cromwell had got 

 a grant of the monastery with pastures, sheep-cotes, 

 fisheries, &c. in the neighbourhood (March, 3 i Hen. 

 VIII) ; XV, p. 566. 



'" Lanes. Inq. i, 84 ; Lanes, and Ckes. Antiq. Soc. 

 Tn:n.t. xviii. This excludes the grant near Lan- 

 caster. 



'*^ Lanes. Pipe R. 125 ; of. ako p. 87 and addenda 

 p. vi. In 1298 the Furness land held in free alms was 

 calculated as 12 plough-lands ; Lanes. Inq. i, 292. In 

 1292 the II granges in Furness contained loj 

 plough-lands {Coucher, 634). 



'" Coueher, 591-4 ; Anct. D., L. 462. 



'" Ccucher, 129, 662, 666 ; Coucher B. fol. no- 

 il 3 for Newby charters. Waltheof gave a plough- 

 land, and it was confirmed by Richard de Morville 

 and Avicia his wife. Avicia got 80 marks in silver. 

 The other half of Newby was given by W.'s daughter 

 and her husband Robert de Boyvill, fol. i io3, 113; 

 Anct. D., L. 475 ; the Selside charters in B. fol. 123 ; 

 the Winterbum charters, ibid. fol. 132, sqq. 



126 



of Furness Fells."' They became immediate 

 lords of the land between the lakes of Coniston 

 and Windermere, and had fishing rights in the 

 waters ; in later days Hawkshead manor was the 

 centre of monastic rule in this district. Ford- 

 bottle, Crivelton, and Roos were received from 

 Michael le Fleming in exchange for Bardsey ; "' 

 in Amounderness Robert of Stalmine gave a 

 plough-land which became the nucleus of Stalmine 

 Grange ; ^^ in Copeland, William, the nephew 

 of David of Scotland, and Ranulf Meschin, earl 

 of Chester, endowed Calder ; and King Olaf 

 gave the abbey an important position in the Isle 

 of Man.'^ Early in the thirteenth century 

 Alicia de Rumeli, daughter of William Fitz 

 Duncan, gave all Borrowdale with extensive 

 rights and free transit through the barony of 

 Allerdale and Copeland.'^' Walter de Lacy, 

 lord of Meath, made a grant in 1234 of land 

 and rights in Meath. This grant also was the 

 origin of a valuable property."" King Henry III, 

 in the eleventh year of his reign, made the 

 abbot lord of all Furness by giving him the 

 homage of Michael le Fleming for ^^lo a year."' 



'" The division of the fells was made about 1 163 

 between the abbot and William of Lancaster I ; Lanes. 

 Pipe R. 310. William badlands both in Ulverston 

 and the fells, as his grants to Conishead and the re- 

 grants to and by Gilbert Fitz Reinfred show (ibid. 

 356, 390, 399, 402) ; but it is uncertain when the 

 abbey gave up direct control of the manor. Mr. 

 Farrcr thinks the Lancaster family held it ' from the 

 reign of King Stephen, if not earlier' (cf. Lanes, and 

 Ches. Antiq. Soe. Trans, xviii) ; but there is a great deal 

 to be said for the older view, that it was first granted 

 to Gilbert and his wife in 7 Ric. I ; cf. Noiit. Cest. ii, 

 534. Before 1196 there were disputes about the 

 fells, which at one time were all recovered by the 

 abbey (see above, note 32). No mention is made of 

 Ulverston, except as abbey property ; cf. Coueher, 662. 

 In the elaborate settlement of 1196 {Lanes. Final 

 Cmeords i, 4) the service of 20/. for the fells is re- 

 peated from the earlier arrangement, and 10/. added 

 for Ulverston. Moreover, this was the later monastic 

 interpretation, levata fuit finis de excambio villae de 

 Ulverston eum parte itiam montanorum, for forest rights 

 in the other fells, quitclaim of Newby, and service ; 

 Coucher, 345 ; cf. 7. The plea about the gallows 

 in the suit with Gilbert's son William (394) also 

 tends in this direction (see above). 



"* Lanes. Pipe R. 317. Another dispute led to the 

 transference of Foss and Urswick Parva to Michael ; 

 307. 



'" Coucher B. fol. 90 ; Lanes. Inq. i, 47 (1160- 

 70)- '"See above, 117. 



'" Anct. D., L.S. 132; Lanes. Pipe R. zjl-j ; Cal. of 

 ?<«/. (ed. Hardy), 152. 



"" Coueher, 18-20 ; Pat. 14 Edw. Ill, pt. 3, m. 

 25. In 1332 the abbot and convent of Beaubec in 

 Normandy was licensed to alienate its manor of 

 Beaubec, near Drogheda, with lands in Marinerstown 

 and elsewhere, to Furness ; Pat. 6 Edw. Ill, pt. 3, 

 m. 3 ; 10 Edw. Ill, pt. I, m. 42. 



'" Coucher, 78, 130, 467 ; Pat. 1 1 Hen. Ill, m. 2. 

 See Vincent, Lanes. Lay Subsidies, i, 38. 



