A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



19. GARDINER'S HOSPITAL, LAN- 

 CASTER 



The small hospital or almshouse at Lancaster 

 known as Gardiner's Hospital was established in 

 1485 by the executors of John Gardiner of 

 Bailrigg in accordance with the provisions of his 

 will made in 1472 and proved eleven years 

 later. The headship of the hospital, for which 

 Gardiner seems to have erected a building in his 

 life-time, was combined with the incumbency of 

 a chantrv in the adjacent parish church. Out 

 of the issues of the manor of Bailrigg, which in 

 1547 amounted tOj^ii 6s. lod., the chantry 

 priest was required to pay id. a day to each of 

 four poor people in the almshouse and 2d. 

 a week to a serving-maid, retaining the residue 

 for his own maintenance. The nomination of 

 the priest or chaplain after the first vacancy was 

 vested in the mayor and twelve burgesses of 

 Lancaster.'" In the first year of Edward VI 

 the chantry was dissolved, but the hospital 

 survived and is still in existence with an income 

 brought up by some small legacies to ^IS 

 a year.'' 



Chantry Priests of the Hospital 

 Nicholas Green," appointed by Gardiner's 



feoffees, 1485 

 Edward Baines," incumbent in 1547 



20. LATHOM ALMSHOUSE 

 This was a foundation, similar to the last, for 

 a chaplain and eight bedesmen, founded by the 

 second Earl of Derby in 1500. It also survived 

 the Reformation, or was soon refounded, and 

 exists to the present time." 



20A. THE HOSPITAL OF ST. SAVIOUR, 

 STIDD UNDER LONGRIDGE 

 The hospital of St. Saviour at Stidd under 

 Longridge in the township of Dutton and parish of 

 Ribchester can be traced back to the reign of John, 

 about which time Richard de Singleton gave four 

 acres in Dilworth to the master and brethren.'* 

 It was afterwards granted to the Knights Hos- 

 pitallers and became attached to their preceptory 

 at Newland near Wakefield. Shortly after- 

 wards, or early in the fourteenth century, it 

 seems to have ceased to be a hospital, though its 

 chapel remained in use." 



COLLEGES 



21. THE COLLEGE OF UPHOLLAND 



In 1310 Sir Robert de Holland obtained a 

 licence in mortmain to endow a college of thir- 

 teen chaplains, one of whom bore the title of dean, 

 in the chapel of St. Mary and Thomas the 

 Martyr on his manor of UphoUand near Wigan.' 



The college took the place of a chantry for two 

 priests, projected three years earlier but perhaps 

 not carried out. This was to have been endowed 

 with two messuages and two plough-lands in 

 Holland and a third in Orrell.^ The grant to 

 the college was limited to one messuage and one 

 plough-land in Holland, but there was added the 

 advowson of Childwall church, which the founder 

 seems to have acquired from Thomas Grelley, the 

 last baron of Manchester of his name. 



The first dean was William le Gode, who died 

 in the following year, and was succeeded by 

 Richard de Sandbach.' On 9 January, 13 13, 

 William de Snayth and six other chaplains were 



"'Lanes. Chant. (Chet. See), 221—2. 



" Baines, Hist, of Lanes, (ed. Croston), v, 475. 



'' Lanes. Chant. 222. 



"Ibid. 221. The Robert Mackerall, 'Chantry 

 Priest of Lancaster Hospital,' mentioned in the 

 footnote ibid. p. 223, as in receipt of a pension in 

 1553 can no doubt be identified with the priest of 

 the same name who had a chantry in the Franciscan 

 Friary until 1539; ibid. 225. It he is not incor- 

 rectly described above we must assume that he was 

 appointed to Gardiner's chantry under Mary. 



*• See F.C.H. Lanes, iii, 257. 



instituted to prebends on the presentation of the 

 founder.'* The college may not until then have 

 attained its full complement, but the institution of 

 six priests not very long afterwards renders another 

 explanation possible.' The situation was lonely, 

 the prebends cannot have been of much value, 

 and vacancies were probably frequent. Harmony, 

 we are told, seldom prevailed in the college and 

 ultimately the canons deserted it.° 



After an interval the endowments were trans- 

 ferred in 1 319 to a new priory of Benedictine 

 monks.' Among them was the rectory of Whit- 

 wick near Ashby de la Zouch in Leicestershire, 

 which Pope John XXII had appropriated to the 

 college on the very eve of its dissolution, on the 

 petition of Sir Robert de Holland and at the re- 

 quest of Thomas, earl of Lancaster and Leicester, 

 patron of the church.* Childwall, of which at 

 first it had only held the advowson,' seems to have 

 been appropriated to the college somewhat earlier. 



" Dugdale, Mon. vi, 686. 



^ For details and list of masters see the account 

 of Stidd in Ribchester. 



' Cal. of Pat. 1307-13, p. 233. 



'Lanes. Inquests (Rec. Soc), i, 322. 



' Lich. Epis. Reg. Langton, fol. 59^. 



Mbid. fol. 323. 'Ibid. fol. 61. 



'Dugdale, Man. iv, 411. 



' Cal. of Pat. 1317-21, p. 353. See ante, p. ill. 



^Cal. of Pap. Letters, ii, 188 ; cf. ii, 215. 



° A rector was presented by William le Gode and 

 the presbyters of the college in March, 131 1 ; Lich. 

 Epis. Reg. Langton, fol. 59. 



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