POLITICAL HISTORY 



with their servants."* But all these were Roman CathoHcs, and the High- 

 landers grew impatient because the promised High Churchmen did not 

 appear. They reached Preston where more Roman Catholics joined them, 

 also Mr. Richard Towneley, Mr. Shuttleworth, Sir Francis Anderton, Ralph 

 Standish of Standish, Gabriel Hesketh, and Richard Chorley of Chorley. 

 The plans of the invaders were to seize Warrington Bridge and march on 

 Manchester, leaving Liverpool behind them at their mercy, because Liverpool 

 was notably for the Whig interest,"^ just as Manchester was supposed to be 

 for the Jacobites. But their foolish and inactive delay at Preston"' gave 

 time for the government troops to surround them there. General Carpenter on 

 the north, and General Wills moving from Chester with six regiments of 

 horse and three of foot, on the side of Wigan. The investment was com- 

 plete, and the fight at Preston which followed altogether routed the Scottish 

 forces."' Forster, Derwentwater, and other leaders were made prisoners, 

 and many of the rank and file also were taken. Thus disastrously ended the 

 rash Jacobite expedition to Lancashire of 171 5. 



Among the Lancashire prisoners sent to London were Sir Francis 

 Anderton, Ralph Standish, Richard Towneley, Mr. Tyldesley, Richard 

 Dalton, and Mr. Butler of RawclifFe. Of those gentlemen tried at Liverpool 

 were Richard Shuttleworth and Richard Chorley, both of whom were executed 

 at Preston, one 28 January, the other 9 February, 1716."" Mr. Standish, 

 Sir Francis Anderton, John Dalton, Mr. Tyldesley, and Mr. Towneley were 

 pardoned. Forster luckily escaped from prison, but Lord Derwentwater 

 suffered the extreme penalty of the law against treason. Among the visitors 

 to the unfortunate prisoners in Newgate was a certain Dr. Deacon, 

 a young man whose personality proved in Lancashire the chief link be- 

 tween the attempt of the '15 and that of the '45 which followed."^ 

 This fervent non-juror visited Paul and Hall in their extremity, and is 

 alleged to have drawn up the famous declaration signed by them which 

 was handed to the sheriff at the time of their execution and which 'is 

 unequalled for the loyal adherence, founded upon non-juring principles,' 

 which it expresses towards James IIL"' Dr. Deacon was most probably the 

 author of this declaration and he subsequently removed to Manchester where 

 he became ' Bishop ' of a non-juring church. 



More stringency in compelHng the taking of the oath of supremacy and 

 of allegiance to the king upon the throne was now observed, and Parliament 

 ordained by statute,"' that all ' Non-jurors and Papists ' should transmit par- 

 ticulars of their estates to commissioners appointed for this purpose. With 

 that clemency towards the rebels for which the Hanoverian sovereigns were 

 remarkable, no actual sequestration of estates was undertaken, but the regis- 

 tration of them served as a measure of warning to act as a deterrent against 

 future delinquencies and to afford information to magistrates should occasion 

 again arise for exercising vigilance. 



The occasion was not far distant. On the landing of the young Prince 

 Charles Edward on 2 August, 1745, in the Hebrides, the intrigues of the 



"= Lanci. Memorials of the Rebellion, 1715 (Chet. Soc. v), pt. 3, pp. 89, 90. 

 '*' Lanes, during the Rebellion s/ijl?, pt. i, ii, 4 ; also pt. 3, p. 98. 



>«* Ibid. 105. '" Ibid, no, in. "° Ibid. pt. 5, chap, x, 192. 



'" Ibid. pt. vi, chap. i. '" Ibid. pt. vi, 229-30. 



"^ Stat, at Large, vol. v, I Geo. I (171 5)» cap. 50, 55. 



245 



