50 CLXxiii. GRAMiNE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Panieum. 



Aitchis. Oat. Punjab PI. 160; Duthie Grass. N.W. Ind. 6, Fodd. Grass. 

 N. Ind. 11 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, vii. 440 ; Benth. Fl. Songk. 412. P. airoides, 

 Br. Prodr. 190; Kunth I.e. 122. P. aquaticum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. 

 Abyss, ii. 373. P. arenarinm, Brot. Fl. Lusit. i. 82, PA^t. Inisit. i. 15, t. 

 6; Nees Agrost. Bras. i. 170, Fl. Afr. Austr. 37; Trin. Pan. Gen. 181. 

 P. coloratum, Oav. Ic. ii. 6, t. 110. P. convolutnm, Beauv. ex 8preng. 

 8yst. i. 319. P. hygrocharis, Steud. I. c. 72. P. ischsemoides, Betz. Obs. 

 iv. 17 ; Sottl. in Neue Schrift. iv. (1803) 185 ; Steud. I. c. 98 ; Wight 

 Oat. D. 1627 ; Wall. Gat. n. 8710. P. maltinode, Lamlc. Encycl. iv. 747 

 {ex Nees Agrost. Bras.). P. paludosum, Boehst. ex Steud. I. c. 72 {not of 

 Boxh.). P. polystachion, TJcria, Hart. Reg. Panorm. 64. P. psilopodiuni; 

 Trin. ex Wight Cat. n. 1633 0.; Herb. Strach. Sr Winterb. No. 5. P. Kox- 

 burgiaunm, Sehult. Mant. ii. 245. P. sarmentoaam, Hb. Wight ex Wall. 

 Cat, 8710 0. PP. nliginosum, Boxb. Fl. Ind. i. 308 ; Wall. Cat. n. 8710 A; 

 Kunth I. c. 126.— Panieum, Wall. Cat. n. 8714 E, 8746. 



Throughout India, by banks of strearaa and in dry places, from the Panjab 

 eastwards and southwards. Ceylon, Walker, GordMer.— Disteib. S. Europe, Asia, 

 Afr., Amer. 



Stems 2-6 ft., erect or ascending from a stout creeping rootstock, leafy, simple 

 or branched below, nodes rooting. Leaves 3-6 in., strict, often glaucous, usually 

 narrow and involute, smooth, glabrous or hairy on the upper surface, margins some- 

 times toothed towards the ciliate rounded base ; sheaths with ciliate margins ; ligule 

 a narrow coriaceous ring. Fanicle 3-8 in., branches usually erect, very slender^ 

 angular, scaberulous; pedicels short, tip cupular. S/iifceZei* erect, quite glabrous ; 

 gl. I membranous, nerveless or 3-nerved ; palea of III truncate ; IV shortly broadly 

 stipitate, pale. Anthers red.— Roxburgh distinguishes his P. uUginosum from P. 

 paludosum (proliferum, Lamh.) by the tetragonous smooth branches of the panicle, 

 whereas in P. paltidosam these are trigonous with acute hispid angles. I have seen 

 no authentic specimens of his P. vMginosum, but his figure of "Gundru" (the 

 native name which he gives for it) does not show this character of the panicle. 



38. P. prollferam, Lam. Ewycl.ir. 747 ; stem erect from a floating 

 base, leaves linear or ensiform acute serrulate usually flat, panicle with 

 long virgate spreading branches bearing short few-fld. branohlets and 

 solitary sessile or shortly pedicelled spikelets which lie parallel to the 

 branchlet, spikelets |-i in. lanceolate, gl. 1 = i-\ III orbicular, II ovate 

 acuminate 9-nerved, III lanceolate 9-nerved paleate or not, IV oblong 

 acuminate smooth. Nees -Agrost. Bras. 170 ; Kunth Enum. PI. i. 100 ; 

 Steud. 8yn. Gram. 71 ; Muell. Fragment, viii. 191 {the King's Creek plant). 

 P. aurantiacum, Mam. ex Wall. Cat. n. 8714 B. P. gongylodes, Jacq, 

 Kclog. Gram. iii. t. 21. PP. deoompositam, Dathie Grass. N. W. Ind. 3. 

 P. deoompositum, var. paludosum, Trim. Cat. Ceyl. PI. 105. P. elephan- 

 tipes, Nees Agrost Bras. 165. P. Elliottii, Trin. ex Nees I. c. 170. P. 

 fistulosum, Boehst. em Steud. 1. c. 71. P. natana, Koen. ex Trin. Panic. 

 Gen. 237. P. paludosum, Boxb. Fl. Ind. i. 307 ; Wall. Cat. n. 8711 ; Nees 

 Fl. Afr. Austr. 35 ; Kunth I. c. 126 ; Griff. Notul. 37, Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 139, 

 f. 127 ; Duthie Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 11. P. repens, Thw. Enum. PI. Zeyl. 

 360 ; Trim. Cat. Ceyl. PI. 105 ; Trin. Pan. Gen. 179. P. rigidum, Heyne'in 

 Berb. BoiiZ.— Panieum, Wall. Cat. n. 8714A. (in part) B. 0. D. 



Marshes and still waters throughout the low countries of India, from the Panjab 

 ic Assam and southward. Cetloit. — DiSTElB. Tropics generally. 



Perennial. Stem 2-3 ft. or more ; lower nodes spongy, as thick as the little 

 fiuger. Leaves t-12 by ^j in., base broad but hardly cordate; sheaths loose; 



