Paspalum.] clxxiii. graminb^. (J. D. Hooker.) 11 



Austral, vii. 460. P. altemans, Steud. I. c. 26. P. anriculatutii & cartila- 

 gineum, Presl Bel. Saenk. i. 217, 216. ? P. bifarram, Edgf-w. in Journ. As. 

 8oc. Beng. xxi. (1853) 178. P. coloratnm, Sich. ex Doell in Mart. Fl. 

 Bras. ii. II. 78. P. Commersoni, La/mTc. Illustr. i. 175. P. coroiuande- 

 lianum, Lamh. I. c. ; Kunth I. c. 55 ; Steud. I. c. 32. P. dissectum, Linn. 

 Syst. ii. 86. P. dimidiatum, Linn. Syst. Ed. x. 855. P. firmnm, Trin. 

 Oram. Panic. 105, Sp. Gram. Ic. t. J25; Kunth I.e. 60. P. flexucsum, 

 Klein ex Presl I.e. 215; Kunth I. c. 54; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 432. P. 

 frumentaceum, Rotfb. ex Boem. Sf Sch. Syst. ii. 296 ; Koen. ex Trin. Gram. 

 Panic. 57 ; Kunth I. c. 53. P. hirsntam, Betz. Ohs. ii. 7 ; Kunth I. c. 33 ; 

 Miq. I. c. 433. P. Houttnynii, H. G. Hall ex de Vriese in PI. Ind. Bat. 

 Reinw. 113. P. Kora, Willd. 8p. PI. i. 332 ; Host Gram,. Austr. t. 74 ; 

 Beauv. Fl. Owar. ii. 5, t. 61 ; Boxb. I. c. ; Grah. I. c; Dut/iie Indig. Fodd. 

 Grass, t. 2. P. longifolium, Boxb. I. c. 280; Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. 1. 138; 

 Wight Gat. n. 1602, Herb. n. 1600. P. mauritanicnm, Nees ex Steud. I. c. 

 26. P. metabolon, P. Metzii, and P. moUipilum, Steud. I. c. 19, 21, 29. P. 

 orbiculare, Forst. Prodr. 7 ; Fluegge I. c. 88. P. polystachyTim and P. 

 pubescens, Br. Prodr. 188 ; Kunth I. c. 54, 55. P. pnberulum, Boem. Sf Sch. 

 Syst. ii. 316 (Paspalus). P. sumatrense. Both Nov. Sp- 35 ; Kunth I. c. 55. 

 P. Thunbergii, Kunth ex Steud. I. c. 28 ; Framch. & Sav. En. PI. Jap. 159. 

 P. vennstum, Forst. f. ex Boem. Sf Sch. I. c. 297. P. Zollingeri, Steud. I. c. 

 28. Panicum dissectufn, Linn. Sp. PI. 57. — Paspalnm, Wall. Gat. n. 8754. 

 — Bheede Hort. Mai. xii. t. 84. — Sloane Hist. Jam. i. t. 69, f. 2. 



Throughout hotter Iwdia (wild or cultivated), from the Panjab eastwards and 

 southwards to Singapore and Ceylon. — Disteib. All warm countries. 



Annual, erect or base very shortly decumbent, 1-6 ft. high, leafy, glabrous, 

 rarely hairy, ieoves acuminate; ligule short, membranous. PedwjicJe rather slender. 

 Spihes 2—8, 1-3 in. long, alternate, erect or spreading; rachis ^'■^ - ^^^ in. broad, 

 margins ciliate or serrulate. Spikelets in 2, rarely 3-4 rows, imbricate, glabrous or 

 sparsely pubescent, sometimes geminate on a common pedicel; gl. I convex; H 

 flat with two submarginal strong nerves, along the inner margins of which tlie gl. is 

 sometimes marked with shallow transverse pits (whence the specific name) ; gl. III. 

 with inflexed auricled margins. — I find it impossible to classify the large series of 

 specimens of this variable plant under available varieties. Roxburgh regarded the 

 Indian forms as 3 species, scrobiculatum, Kora, and longijoUwm. Between the 

 first two of these he gives no differential characters, beyond that of scrobiculatum 

 having erect stems 2 tt. high and being a cultivated form, whereas Kora is Indigenous, 

 growing on the banks of watercourses and attaining 8 ft. (? error for 3 ft., as in the 

 description that follows) and has the stem decumbent at the base. F. longifolium, 

 he separates by the creeping stems, geminate terminal spikes and pitted seeds, but ns 

 Trinius describes the pitting is microscopic (as in other forms of the species). Having 

 regard to the specimens before me, I recognize with more or less confidence (1) a form 

 with larger dorsally tumid spikelets, which I assume to be the cultivated form (includ- 

 ing orbiculare, frumentacum, Kora, coromandelianum, and hirsutum) ; its gl. II is 

 either pitted or not ; and (2) a form with rather smaller spikelets, often in 3-4 rows, 

 and gl. II never pitted, to which I refer longifolium, Zollmgeri, and cUssectv,m 

 (which latter is the earliest name (under Panicum) of the species). It 

 aboundsall over India, and is the only form of which I have seen Malayan specimens. 

 Besides the synonj ms adduced above, as to which I am pretty well assured, there 

 may be perhaps many more to be added. 



2. P. coxuug'atum, Berg, in Act. Helvei. vii. (1772) 129, t. 8 ; 

 spikes 2 terminal or sublerminal very slender, spikelets yV i'*- subseesile 

 orbicular nearly flat, gl. II hyaline margins villously ciliate. 8w. Fl. 

 Ind. Dec. i. 133 ; Fluegge Monogr. Gram. 102 (Paspalus) ; Beauv. FL Oicar. 

 56, t. 92, f. 2 ; Trin. Panic. Gen. 54, Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 102 ; Kunth Bevis. 

 Gram. 25, Eimm. PI. i. 51 ; Ti-im. Cat. Ceyl. PI. 104. P. bicrurulum et 



