278 cLxxiii. GK AMINES. (J. D. Hooker.) [Avena. 



lower horizontally spreading, spikelets J in. long, glumes opaque all witli 

 very strong close-set raised nerves, I 1-3-nerved, II 5-nerved, fl. gls. 

 ovate-lanceolate tip 2-dentate 7-9-nerved, keels of palea peotinately 

 cilia te. 



NiLGHiEi Hills; Dodabefcta, alt. 8000 ft., Gamble. 



Stem 2-3 ft., rather stout, strict. Leaves strict, narrow, convolute; sheaths 

 deeply grooved, lower sparsely hairy; ligule very short, truncate, panicle 8 in., 

 and nearly as broad; branches 2-3-nate, smooth. Spikelets reddish-brown. — 

 Possibly only a state of aspera, as more specimens may prove ; but of a very different 

 habit and conspicuous for the large spikelets and opaque ribbed glumes. 



Sect. IV. Perennials. Spikelets erect. Fl. gls. 3-5-nerved. Ooa/ry 

 quite glabrous. 



7. A. subsplcata, Glairv. Man. Herb. 17 ; pubescent or tomentose. 

 ligule oblong, panicle spiciform or ovoid strict erect dense-fld. rarely effuse, 

 spikelets ^^ in. 2-3-fld. ovoid-oblong very shortly pedioelled, gl. I and II 

 subequal or II longest, fl. gls. ovate or ovate-lanceolate 2-cuspidate or 

 shortly 2-aristate 1- or faintly 3-nei-ved, awn reflexed rather longer than 

 the gl. Svensk JBot. t. 722 ; Heichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. i. t. 98 ; Crriseh. in G-oett. 

 Nachr. (1868) 78 ; Ledeh. Fl. Ross. iv. 418. A. airoides, Zoel. Oram. Oall. 

 & &erm. 208. A. mollis, Mich. Fl. Am. Bor. i. 72. A. phleoides, Urv. in, 

 Mem. Linn. Soc. Par. iv. (1826), 601. A. tolnccensis, H. B. & K. Nov. 

 Oen, Sr Sp. i. 148. Trisetum airoides, Roem,. <^ 8ch. 8yst. ii. 666. T. an- 

 dinum, Benth. PI. Sartw. 261 ; Steud. I. c. 228. T. antarctioum, Trin. in 

 Mem. Acad. Petersb. 8er. VI. i. (1831) 61 {non Nees). T. groenlandicum & 

 labradorioum, Steud. Syn. Gram,. 228. T. molle, Kunth Rev. Oram,, i. 101, 

 Fnum. PI. i. 296 ; Torrey Fl. N. York, ii. 452, t. 154 ; Steud. I. c. T. 

 phleoides, Kunth 1. 1, c. 101, 295 {non Trin.). T. spiciforme, Bulac Fl. 

 Haul. Pyren. 86. T. subspicatum, Beauv. Agrost. 88 ; Kunth Fnwm. i. 

 295, Swppl. 248 ; Duihie Orass.JV.W. Ind. 31 ; Book. Fl. Bor. Am. ii. 244; 

 EooTc.f.Fl.Antarct. i. 97, ii. 396, Mandb. KT. Zeal. Fl. 385; Benth. Fl. 

 Austral, vii. 588 ; Steud I. c. 225. T. toluccense, Kunth Sevis. I. c. 297, 

 t. 60, Fnum. I. c. 296 ; Steud. I. c. Aira spicata, Linn. Sp. PI. Fd. II. 95 

 {non Fd. I.) ; Fl. Dan. t. 228. Aira subspicata, Linn. Syst. Ed. X. 873 ; 

 Most Gram. Austr. ii. 33, t. 45 ; Wulf. in Jacq. Collect, iii. 1. 19, f . 3. Koeleria 

 aristata, Loisel. Fl. Oall. Ed. II. i. 66. K. spicata, Willk. & Lange Prodr. 

 Fl. Hisp. i. 72. K. subspicata. Mart, ex Reichb. Fl. Germ. Fxcurs. 49. 



Alpine and Subalpine Himalaya and Tibet, alt. 10-18,000 ft. (18,500 ft. in 

 Knnawnr, Jacquemont). — Disteib. Alpine, Arctic, and Antarctic regions. 



Stems densely tufted, 6-24 in., strict, stout or slender, always pubescent or 

 tomentose. Leaves flat, soft, hairy, rarely glabrate, lower sheaths loose. Panicle 

 2-4 in., from shortly oblong to cylindric, rarely interrupted or lobed with a few 

 very short spreading lower branches. Spikelets yellowish-green, purplish, or white, 

 densely imbricating ; rachilla short, hairy ; gl. 1 and II more or less unequal, nearly 

 as long as III, keels scaberulous; I 1-nerved ; II 3-nerved; fl. gls. glabrous or 

 puberulous, tip sometimes almost entire; callus bearded ; awn inserted |-J way below 

 the tip, column slightly twisted but sometimes awn shorter than the gl. and straight ; 

 keels of palea scabrid. Lodicules oblong, 2-fid. Anthers short. Ovary fusiform, 

 glabrous. Grain fusiform, compressed. 



8. A. Clarkel, Sook. f. ; stem very slender and branches of panicle 

 pubescent or tomentose, ligule very short, panicle slender spiciform inter- 

 rapted, spikelets narrow |— J in. 2-3-fld. glabrous sessile or shortly pedi- 

 oelled, gl. I and II unequal, fl. gls. narrowly lanceolate acuminate tip 



