4 MINNESOTA MUSHROOMS 



KEY TO THE FAMILIES 



I. Plant cap-like to shelf-like, with gills, pores or teeth, usually 



on the lower surface 



1. Cap with gills Gill fungi 4 



2. Cap \vith pores or tubes Pore fungi 86 



3. Cap with teeth or spines Tooth fungi 103 



II. Plants without gills, pores or teeth; shelf-, coral-, club-, 



saddle-, cup- or ball-like 



1. Plant cup-shaped or saucer-shaped 



a. Cup kathery, with seed-like bodies inside Bird's nest fungi 133 



b. Cup fleshy, hollow Cup fungi 144 



2. Plant coral-, fan-, club-, saddle-, shelf- or ball-like 



a. Call without juts or ca\'ities in cross section 



(1) Cap jelly-like or cartilage-like Jelly fungi 117 



(2) Capi fleshv to leatherv. not iellv-like 



(a) Cap coral-, club-, saddle-, shelf- or la\'er-like, 



rarelv funnel- form 

 \. Cap coral-, clul)-, or saddle-like 



(x) Cap coral-like Coral fungi 108 



(y) Cap club- or saddle-like 



m. Capi club-like, not distinct from stem ; 



spores on basidia Coral fungi 108 



n. Capi saddle-like nr club-like, distinct 



from stem : spores in sacks Saddle fungi 135 



\". Cap shelf or laver-like, rareh' funnel-form Leather fungi 113 



(b) Cap ball-like, then broken bv the lengthening 



stem, lu cracking to expmse the powderv 



spiu'es 

 X. Cap brdken b\" the stent which carries at the 



tip a more or less stickv. strnng-smelling 



spore mass Carrion fungi 131 



V. Capi opening bv a crack or a mouth to expose 



tlie jiowdery mass of spores Puff balls 123 



b. Cap with pits nr cavities in cross section, usuallv 



black and hard, or bright-colored and fleshv when 



parasitic Black fungi 



150 



GILL FUNGI AGARIC-VCEAE 



The fruit-body is generally can-shaped or umbrella-sha|)e(l. «ith a central stem, 

 thougli in a few cases the stem is lateral or wanting. i'he spores are buriie mi 

 plates or gills which radiate fmm the stem to the ed^e of the cap. The gills are 

 on the under side, excejit when the cap is stemless and in-\-erted. At first, the gills 

 are protected by a membranous or cobwebby veil, which is torn as the capi expands, 

 but often remains as a ring on the stem, or hangs as a fringe from the edge of the 



