372 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 214 
The profit from spraying for scab on the apple (including apple worms) 
has generally been large, because of saving the amount of crop and enhancing 
its market value at the same time, as well as increasing the number of crops. In 
this way the crops of a single orchard have been sold for a gain of about $1000 
on an expenditure of $125 to $150. At the Station this gain has amounted to 
$5.00 per tree (B. 111). The best fungicide for this purpose is dilute 
Bordeaux mixture, or Bordeaux I of the spray calendar, containing 4 pounds of 
sulfate of copper and 4 pounds of quicklime to 50 gallons of mixture with water, 
or Bordeaux mixture and Iron Sticker consisting of 2 pounds of copper sulfate, 
and 2 or 3 pounds of iron sulfate in 50 gallons of water. The Bordeaux 
mixture and Iron Sticker has given better results in a rainy season like 1909. 
The first spraying should be made just before the blossoms open, and upon the 
young leaves, and the second after the blossoms drop, with additions of 
arsenites in the second and in a possible fourth spraying as stated in the spray 
calendar. 
Fig. 31. Young apples attacked by the scab fungus (Venturia inequalis Adeh). 
Scurf. The branch scurf fungus (Phyllosticta prunicola Sacc.) is believed to 
occur in Ohio. This causes roughening of the bark, but no statements can now 
be made as to its possible seriousness. 
Sooty Fungus. The sooty fungus (Phyllachora pomigena Schw.) is often 
associated with the fly-speck fungus, previously described, and is the more 
unsightly trouble of the two. In most seasons the fruit in low situations is 
