DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS ~* ‘377 
alternation of the fungus from the barberry to the wheat was proved -in our 
century by DeBary. The barberry. hedge is objected to, at times, by adjacent 
wheat growers, although we continue to suffer from the ravages of wheat rust 
many miles from any barberry bushes. In the absence of barberry the rust 
survives without it. 
BARLEY 
Rust. In the west and northwest there are two forms of rust; leaf rust 
(Puccinta simplex (Koern.) Erikss. and Henn.) and stem rust (Puccinia gram- 
ints Pers.). These rusts, like those of the other cereals, have not yet been 
mastered or controlled. 
Scab. Barley is attacked by scab (Fusarium roseum Lk.) in a manner 
similar to that which occurs on wheat and rye. That the scab fungus is the 
same for all grains has been shown by recent work of this department. (See 
Bulletin 203). 
Seed treatment for the loose spores and seed recleaning to get out the 
shrunken and scab infested kernels ought to give favorable results. (See wheat 
scab). 
Smuts. The covered barley smut (Ustilago hordei (Pers) Kell. & Sw.) as 
well as the naked barley smut (Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Kell. & Sw.) both occur 
in Ohio, although barley is grown less extensively with us than in the west and 
northwest. In the covered barley smut, the smutted heads more commonly 
remain enclosed by the upper leaf sheath and a membrane holds the smut 
masses, while the spores are exposed and freely scattered in the naked barley 
smut. 
The modified hot water treatment for loose smut of wheat has been found 
effective upon the barley smuts. .See Farmers’ Bulletin No. 75, Yearbook 
U.S. D. A., 1894: Spray Calendar, Bulletin 199. 
5 BEAN 
Anthracnose. The anthracnose of the bean causes unsightly spotting of both 
pods and growing organs and is referred to the anthracnose fungus (Colletotri- 
chum Lagenarium (Pass.) Hals.). This species is also regarded as the same one 
.that attacks curcurbits, including cucumbers, watermelons, muskmelons and 
gourds. The spotting of the bean pods is looked upon, too commonly, as a 
natural phenomenon. Measures looking to its prevention have not found ready 
application by growers. That fungicides are effective in reducing it we have 
reliable testimony (N. J. Exp. Sta. B. 108). The recommended treatment begins 
by soaking the seed 1 to 2 hours in ammoniacal copper carbonate, 1 ounce of 
copper carbonate to 1% gallons of water. Bordeaux mixture is to be sprayed 
upon 2 and 3 inch plants, followed by the same 10 days later, and again 
repeated after blossoming of plant. The great thing to remember is that this is 
aseed infecting disease. We must grow disease-free seed. (See Pea). 
Bacterial Spot. A bacterial blight has been reported from New York (N. Y. 
Exp. Sta. B. 181) and New Jersey (Exp. Sta. Rept. 1892) which promises more or 
less injury. In this malady the diseased parts, leaves, pods, etc., show char- 
acteristic, often watery spots. It is less prevalent on fresh land. The organ- 
ism (Bacterium phaseoli Erw. Sw.) is widespread. 
Downy Mildew. This fungus (Phytophthora Phaseolt Thaxter), so far as 
known at present, has not been found in Ohio, though occurring to a destruc- 
tive extent in the east, and liable to occur in our vegetable gardens. Experi- 
ments have shown that it is controlled by spraying with Bordeaux mixture, 
