398 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 214 
FOREST SEEDLINGS 
Forest seedlings as will be noted under Catalpa, Pine and Spruceare 
especially liable to certain disease attacks upon the young plants. The number 
and variety of these diseases is scarcely realized until one begins to care for their 
survival as in forést culture. It will usually be found in newly cleared areas. 
used. for this purpose that the leaf mold is badly infected with seedling para- 
sites. Some treatment of this soil before using as seed beds is desirable. For 
some of the commoner damping-off fungi the formalin drench may succeed. For 
coniferous seedlings, other treatments may be required. Recently the United 
States Department of Agriculture has reported upon two methods of treatment 
which consist of the use of dilute sulphuric acid, or mixtures of lime with 
powdered copper sulfate. (See circular No. 4, Bureau of Plant Industry, 
United States Department of Agriculture). 
GINSENG 
Leaf Blight or Leaf-Spot, (4/ternaria sp.) occurs upon ginseng plantations, 
These have been checked at times by spraying with Bordeaux mixture, while at 
other times the sprays being made immediately before cold weather caused 
serious losses. 
Root-Rot. The root-rot fungus (7hielavia basicola Zopf.) has been found in 
New York by Van Hook to attack the roots of ginseng and cause destructive 
rotting. This may prove a serious drawback to ginseng growing, and methods 
of prevention are difficult to propose. (See Cornell Exp. Sta. Bul. 219). 
GOLDEN SEAL 
Leaf-Blight of golden seal occurs in many plantings. It is due to a fungus 
of the same genus (Alfernaria) that proves troublesome on leaves of ginseng. 
Spray applications need to be worked out for it. 
GOOSEBERRY 
Leaf-Spot. The gooseberry leaves are attacked by the same leaf-spot fungus 
recorded upon the currant (Septoria ribis Desm.), although the defoliation may 
be even more severe than on the currant. In spraying experiments at this 
Station, conducted by the Horticulturist, it has been found that the gooseberry 
leaf-spot is more easily prevented than the currant leaf-spot. Indeed no fungus 
disease upon which we have experimented is more easily prevented when the 
fungicide is applied at the proper time. (See Spray Calendar). Often the leaves 
from gooseberry plants have all dropped before maturity of fruit, and in hot 
weather all the fruit has been lost on the unsprayed, check plants, while the 
sprayed plants gave a fine yield of satisfactory fruit. 
Powdery Mildew (Sphaerotheca mors-uvae (Schw.) B. & C.) is a destructive 
fungus disease especially common upon English varieties, such as Industry, Crown 
Bob, &c. It has been destructive also upon the Houghton. As already stated 
this mildew attacks currants. From the nature of this fungus the first spraying 
with Bordeaux mixture should be made early in the season. (See Bulletin 79). 
Subsequent applications may be either of Bordeaux mixture or potassium sulfid. 
(See Calendar). After fruit is half grown the latter fungicide is to be preferred 
since it is more easily removed from the fruit. 
Rust. See currant rust. 
