416 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 214 
ing to 100% to 200% increase. This method has recently been applied success- 
fully in the Connecticut Valley by a representative of the United States Devart- 
ment of Agriculture. 
Soft-Rot and Storage Rots. The Assistant Botanist has recently studied a soft- 
rot (Fusarium sp.) of onions which shows in field, but more seriously in subse- 
quent storage. This soft-rot is produced by the fungus Fusarium, yet under study. 
It not only causes anearly blight but also invades the onion bulbs quite rapidly 
after storage infection. The problems of control are essentially those of 
storage rots including dry-rot. 
In onion storage it seems to the writer probable that disinfection of the 
onions after placing in storage buildings either by sections or otherwise: using 
the formaldehyde gas treatment will give excellent and safe results. This 
needs yet to be worked out. : 
ORANGE 
In greenhouses oranges are frequently grown and complaints come to us as 
to the troubles upon them. The chief of these troubles is a black mold (Capmod- 
tum citri Berk. & Desm.) on the foliage and at times upon the fruit. Spraying 
with fungicides has usually brought satisfactory results and develops no 
special injury to orange foliage. 
Fruit Rots. Orange rots in stored fruits are often brought to our attention, 
but do not properly belong to our state work. They are the result of mold 
attacks following bruising. The blue mold fungus (Penicillium glaucum Link.) 
and the green mold fungus (Penicillium digitatum (Fr.) Sacc) are both common. 
These are described in other publications. (See Bul. 8, Bureau of Vegetable 
Pathology, United States Department of Agriculture, also Bul. 184; Calif. 
Exp. Sta.). 
ORCHARD-GRASS 
Anthracnose. Orchard-grass is attacked by the same anthracnose (Colleto- 
trichum cereale Manns.) as attacks wheat, rye, oats, blue-grass and timothy. 
The development is shown in a similar way by the black masses of the fungus 
upon the basal portions of the culms and sheaths. e 
PALM 
Leaf Diseases. Frequent complaint is made of palm leaf diseases in conser- 
vatories; the department has been able to study these but little and finds more 
often that they are the result of over-watering. Several diseases have been re- 
ported on palm leaves. Among these we have an anthracnose fungus (Gloeos- 
forium Allescheri Bres.) of Kentia. Dr. Trelease has reported upon another 
fungus on Phoenix (Zxosporium palmivorum Sacc.). This also attacks the 
leaves causing ultimate death. Another leaf disease is described from Europe 
upon Chamaerops (Graphiola Phoenicis (Mong.) Poit.). It is caused by a fungus 
which is not infrequent on the date palm. Sprays such as Bordeaux or Lysol are 
recommended for these palm leaf diesases, 
PEA 
Anthracnose. The anthracnose or pod-spot of the pea (Ascochyta Pisi Lib.) 
often develops into a serious blight of field peas grown for canneries. This was 
studied by the department and it was found that the anthracnose fungus infects 
the seed peas so that these when planted give diseased seedlings and the 
consequent loss of crop. (See Bul. 173). The illustrations will show how the 
fungus spots the pods and thus has an opportunity to enter the developing 
