424 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 214 
in line with the effects of the fungus described from Europe as a constriction 
or lacing disease. While in the case studied there was loss of nursery stock, 
due possibly to some injury to which it was exposed, there has been little recent 
troub‘e. Infection may surely be prevented by treatment with fungicides. 
Fig. 75. Stems of nursery peach trees attacked by Constriction fungus. 
(Phoma persicae Sacc.). The trouble causes dying out of the diseased parts of 
the stems which are shrunken whereattacked. The detail structure of spores 
and pycnidia are shown magnified about 500 diameters.—From Bulletin 92. 
Winter Injury. In our climate the severe freezing of winter often injures the 
trunk and branches of peach trees. The common killing back of new growth 
by freezing is afamiliar phenomenon. The common killing of the trunk on one 
side, usually the west or southwest, is alsoknown. Many instances have been 
studied. Wherever there has been late growth of the trees, followed by severe 
winter cold, such injury may be expected. Late cultivation is therefore to be 
avoided. Winter injury to fruit trees may be attributed to the drying out of 
the trees and it is worth while to consider whether by mulching, or soil condi- 
tions, the tree may not be made to have an abundant supply of available 
moisture, when the upper soil is frozen hard. Much injury to peach trees from 
treezing uccurred during February, 1899, and in the fall and winter of 1906-7. 
In the larger portion of these earlier cases there was more water in the soil, or 
aoout the trees, than in the less injured localities. More exposed situations also 
gave more injured trees. In 1906-7 the freezing was sudden upon unripened 
wood. (See Bulletin 192.) 
