438 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 214 
but whatever the cause of the galls attacking that variety 
we have found them transmitted to the peach in the same 
soil and we have found that practically all of the varieties 
of raspberries are attacked by a similar trouble producing 
like excrescences. These galls result in the destruction of 
the bearing canes, and where the raspberries are planted 
in orchards the disease, it would seem, may extend to the 
orchard trees as well. Late investigations show that a 
bacterium isthe cause of crown gallonthe almond. (Science 
N. S. Vol. XXIII, No. 575, pp. 424, 425; by Erwin F. Smith, 
U. S. Dept. of Agric.). Prompt removal and burning of all 
affected canes is the only method of treatment. Indeed it 
has been demonstrated from the very beginning that a 
healthy raspberry plantation cannot be secured by the 
selection of apparently healthy plants from diseased areas. 
Nothing remains but to secure plants from healthy 
plantations. , 
Bacterial Blight of raspberries has been described by this 
Station; it has not recently proved serious. (Bulletin 78). 
Leaf-Spot and Rust. The leaf-spot fungus, already de- 
scribed’for blackberries and dewberries, upon which it is Fig. 87. Crown. 
more commonly found, was prevalent in 1899 upon rasp- Gall on raspberry 
berries. The only remedy for rust (Cacoma. nitens Schw.) plants. These also oc- 
is the removal and destruction of all clumps either wholly C05 the roots. 
or partially infected. The leaf-spot fungus (Septoria rubi West.) will 
yield to spraying with Bordeaux mixture. Winter injury usually occurs 
and is shown by the killing back of canes which fail to mature properly. The 
remedy must lie in the avoidance of the conditions. \ 
RED-TOP 
Anthracnose (Colletotrichum cereale Manns.) was found upon red-top, as also 
upon timothy, orchard-grass, wheat, rye, oats and chess. The symptoms are 
the same as for the other grains; the disease attacks the culms and sheaths upon 
the lower part of the stem. The chief interest which comes from the disease 
upon grasses is the means this may serve to carry the disease of one rotation 
to the next in cereals. 
ROSE 
Anthracnose. An anthracnose fungus (Glocosporium rosae (Hals.) attacks 
the rose, causing defoliation of the canes; indeed the whole plant is attacked. 
This behaves very similarly to the anthracnose fungus of the raspberry. Young 
plants are found most susceptible to the disease. The methods of handling are 
practically the same as far the anthracnose of the raspberry. 
Crown Gall. Crown gall trouble essentially the same in character as that of 
raspberry, occurs on roses but requires no separate description here. 
Leaf Blotch (Actinonema Rosae (Lib.) Fr.) often causes dark spotting 
of the leaves. The frost-like, branching growth over the leaf-surface is often 
very pretty in design though injurious in effect. If the rosehouse is too imoist, 
or ifother conditions be slightly unfavorable, the fungus seems to flourish all 
the better. It may be checked by the use of Bordeaux mixture or by dilute 
copper sulfate solution, as recommended for cucumbers in the greenhouse 
(One pound to fifty gallons). 
