74 



THE COMMEXCKMKNT OF THE PHANEROGAMIC FKIUT, 



of the perianth. Of these various kiiuls of leaves tlieiv may be developed one. 

 two, or even more ^Yhorls. AVhen several whorled earpels are united together 

 so as to inclose a single chamber, the tip of the receptacle may be produced alx)ve 

 the point of insertion of the carpels and project into the ovarian cavity, or it 

 may penetrate the ovary as a central column. On the other hand, each carpel 

 may give rise to a separate chamber, in which case one tinds a whorl of distinct. 



Fig. 20S. — Sta-uoturo ot rhtuiorogainii- Ovaries, 



' Excavated reoeptaole and carpels of a Koso (Tiosn Schoitiana). « The same in lonsltndliuU aeeUon, ' A alnglo carpel of U\i> 

 same in loni^itiuiinal section. < Ovary of tJie Apple (P-trnts Mahis) in longltiulintxl section. *Tho s^oue in trsusvei'se 

 section. * Transverse section of a ripe Apple. T Cjirpel of Cycits ri!i\>luta \\ ith ovuloa. * Lonjiitudiual section of an ovule 

 of Cyeas. ',«,',' natnral size ; «, *. ' x S ; ' .s S, 



ovaries at the tip of the receptacle (fig. 210""); or there may be nuniennis small 

 ovaries spirally arranged ai'ound tlie receptacle (figs. -07 * and 207 "i 



In order that the position and mutual relations of the various floral-leaves on 

 disc-like and excavated receptacles may be intelligible it is necessary that we 

 should return to the lump of wax. Let the cone of wax be px-essed down so that 

 it assumes the form of a disc or cup. Assuming the floral-lea\es to be present 

 upon it during this process — covering the cone from base to ajiex —when the 

 disc stage is reached the lea^■es formerly present at the apex will occupy tlie 

 centre, those at the base the peripheiy of tlie disc. If the wax be further 

 moulded into a cup the leaves previously at or near the apex of the cone will 



