ALLUREMENTS OF AXIMALS FOR THE DISPERSION OF POLLEX. 



ISl 



Sometimes the stamens are so fashioned and disposed as to form an overarehiug 

 roof or doaie above the honey-secreting base of the flower, e.g. in nnmerous Solan- 

 acefe, PrimulaceaB, Boraginacese, and Campanulacese {^Xicandra, Cyclamen, Borat/o. 

 Campanula, Phyteuma): very beautifully also in the Willow-herb {EpUobium 

 angu^tifolium), in Gladiolus, and in the small-flowered Cinquefoil {PotrrdiUa 

 micmntha) pictured in fig. 24(3^; finally in the Mammillai-ias, belonging to the 

 Cactacete (see fig. 246 -). 



The hiding of the nectaries by a massing together of the stamens is eflected iq 



Fig. iSL — Conciealinent of Honey. 



iSngma cf Gentiana Bavariea \rliich dose^ the coroHa-tnbe, reniored from tlie fiower. - Flower of iLe same plant s-een 

 from alwTe, s Flower c: PhyaeUtii cai'^juii; the front half cat away. ^Flower of Tricyrt{^ pSosa, the smieiior j.-.r: 

 cnt away, * One of the two inner petals of HyixM'um ^randiTlorusn seen from the siie adjacent to the oraiy. - I~.:-wer 

 of Eyvico'dm ara--.dijU}ru.in skewing tiie two inner peuils ttanding close to tiie orarr. 



a very strange manner in some white-flowered Crow-foots, e.g. in RanvLncul:'.} 

 glaciali-?. In these plants the honey is secreted in small pits on the upper side of 

 the petals close above the yellow, thickened daw (see fi^g. 246 ^ '■ - ). In front of 

 this pit is a scale which rises from the plane of the petal at an angle of 40— 50 

 On and near this scale lie the numerous stamens arranged in several whorls radiat- 

 ing out from the centre of the flower. A small nectar-cavity is thus formed at the 

 base of each petal to which only those insects strong enotigh to press up the over- 

 hanging stamens and the scale can gain entrance. In the flowers of the Atragene 

 iV-pina the stamens are hoUowed iato a groove in which a quantity of honey is 

 secreted ( see fig. 246 *). But as in each flower there are many whorls of siainens — 

 those of the outer whorls alwavs eoveiiag and being attached to the backs of the 

 inner ones (see fig. 246*), and as all the stamens are held together outside by a 

 whorl of erect, stiff, spoon-shaped leaves ( see fig. 246 °) — aU these channels form, as 

 it were, many small, closed, nectar-cavities only to be opened by powerful inseeis. 



