INDEX. 



933 



Bignoniaceae, peculiarity of climbing, 1. 706. 



— scarlet flowers in, ii. 196. 



Bilberry. See Vacdnium uliginosum, Vac- 



cinium myrtilliis. 

 Billbergia, protective water-receptacles, ii. 



234. 

 Bindweed. See Convolvulus. 

 Bindweeds, S. Europe, silkineas, i. 320. 

 Biologicalimpoi-tanceofChlorophyceEe,ii.627. 

 Biorhiza aptera, gall on oak-root, ii. 541. 

 Birch, See Betula. 

 Birches and Firs, struggle for existence, ii. 



514. 

 Birch-tree, bulk compared to volume of solid 



and gaseous nutritive space, i. 259. 

 Bird-lime, from Viscum album, i. 329. 

 Birds, dispersal of plants, i. 205, 463 ; ii. 863. 

 i^ " Bird's eyes", cause of, ii. 35. 



Bird's-foot Trefoil. See Lotus. 

 Bird's-nest Orchis. See Neottia Nidus-avis. 

 Birthwort. See Aristolochia Clematitis. 

 Biscutella Isevigata, ash of, i. 69. 

 Bistort. See Polygonum Bistorta. 

 Bitter Orange. See Citrus Aurantium. 

 Bitter-sweet. See Solanum Dulcamara 

 Bitter Vetch. See Orohus. 

 Bixa Orellana, flower-bud, ii. 776. 



flowers and fruit, ii. 442, 444. 



Bizzaria, hybrid orange, ii. 569, 



Black Forest, Silver Firs with Mistletoe, i. 



205. 

 Black Grouse. See Tetrao tetrix. 

 Black Pine district, Wiener Wald, Mistletoe 



on Corsican Pine, i. 205. 

 Black Poplar. See Populus nigra. 

 Blackwellia, pollen-grains, ii. 99, 

 Bladder-campion. See Silene injlata. 

 "Bladder-plums ", cause of, ii. 524. 

 Bladder-senna. See Colutea arborescens. 

 Bladders, of Sea-wracks, Trapa, i. 425. 



— of UtricularisB, size, shape, &c.,i.l21. 

 Bladderworts. See Utricularim. 

 Blastophaga Brasiliensis and Picus, ii. 162. 

 Blastophaga grossorum and Ficus Carica, ii, 



161. 



and gall-flowers of Ficus Carica^, ii. 540. 



fertilization of Ficus, ii. 157. 



Blechnum, fronds, ii. 12. 



— protection of sporangia, ii. 13. 



— sorus and indusium, ii. 706. 

 Blechnum Spicant, dimorphic fronds, ii. 476. 



situation of stomata, i. 293. 



"Blendllngs", result of crossingof "races", 



ii. 581. 

 Blood, and mould cells, i. 507. 



— nutrient medium for bacteria, i. 162, 

 Blood-corpuscles, red, ii. 624. 

 "Blood-portent", ii. 623. 



Bloodwort. See Sanguinaria Canadensis. 

 Bloom, nature of, i. 291, 462. 

 Blossom, nature of, ii. 71. 

 Blossoming, and altitude, i. 526. 



— and geographical position, i. 565. 



— comparative table, i. 666. 



— of sea, i. 389. 



— order of, i. 739. 



— twice in one year, i. 564. 



Blue, colour of spring flowers, ii. 194. 



— true colour of sea-water, i. 389. 

 Blue Moulds, ii. 677. 



Blue Mountains, Jamaica, abundance of 

 Ferns, Mosses, and Liverworts, ii. 457. 



Blueness of water, explanation, i. 389. 



Blue pigment, chlorophyll protecting, i. 392, 



Bocconia, stamen-fllaments, ii, 88, 183. 



Bocconia Japonica, pollen discharge, ii. 145. 



Bock, Hieronymus (1498-1554), i. 4. 



and propagation of Ferns, ii. 8. 



herbal of, i. 5. 



Bcehmeria, cause of white spots on leaves 

 i. 285. 



Bcehmeria nivea, bast^cells, i, 725, 



Bog-bean. See Menyanthes tri/oliata. 



Bog-moss. See Sphagnum. 



Bog-rushes. See Schcenus. 



Bog-whortleberry. See Vacdnium uligi- 



Bolbophyllum Beccarii, nature of scent, ii, 



199. 

 Bolbophyllum minutissimum, main features 

 of, i. 299. 



— — tuber, surface view and section, i. 300, 

 Bolbophyllum Odoardi, tubers, leaves, i. 



300. 

 Boletus edulis, PI, XIV,, u, 688, 



appearance, ii. 491. 



respiration experiments, i. 498, 



Boletus sanguineus, poisonous, i. 491, 

 Bombax, hairy seeds, ii. 855. 



— prickles, i. 433. 



Bombus lucorum, pollination of Epipogium, 



ii. 225, 257. 

 Bonapartea, leaf-teeth and termination, i. 



438. 

 Bonds of union, chemical, 1. 453, 454. 

 Bonifacius, St., i. 639. 

 Boodlea, thallus, ii. 646. 

 Boraginacese, ii. 771. 



— autogamy in, ii. 367, 378. 



— cross-fertilization in, ii. 301, 222. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 311. 



— floral change of colour, ii.-191, 194. 



— heterostyly in, ii. 302, 398. 



— hybrids few among, ii. 585. 



— nectaries, ii. 174, 181. 



— pollen and probosces of insects, ii, 248. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97, 99. 



— pollen-sprinlding in, ii. 275. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 118. 



— protogyny in, ii. 310. 



— venation, i. 630. 



— why named, pointed bristles, i. 441. 

 Borago, cotyledon bristles, i. 623. 



— nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



— protandrous, ii. 311, 



Borago ofEcinalis, colour-contrast of flowers, 

 ii. 189. 



cotyledons, i. 621. 



flower, ii. 275. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98. 



pollen-sprinkling apparatus, ii. 275. 



Borassus, geographical distribution, ii. 740. 

 Borassus flabelliformis, i. PL VIII. 



height, i. 712. 



Bordered pits, nature and function, i. 277. 



structure, i. 45- 



Bornet and symbiosis in hchens, ii. 692. 

 Botanists and general principles of classifica- 

 tion, ii. 607. 

 Botany, descriptive, scope of, i, 15, 



— discussion of terminology, ii, 4, 



— German fathers of, i. 4. 



— "the loveliest of sciences", i. 6. 

 Botrychium, frond, ii. 709. 



— spore-dispersal, ii. 814. 

 Botrychium lanceolatum, ii. 707. 



dimorphic fronds, ii. 11. 



sporangia, ii. 12. 



Botrychium Lunaria, habitat, i. 112. 

 Botrydiaceee, ii. 642. 

 Botrydium, ciha of, i. 29. 



— life-history, ii. 642. 



— reproduction, ii. 482. 

 Botrydium granulatum, habitat, ii. 642. 

 Botryococcus, life-cycle, ii. 636. 

 Botrytis, fermentative action, i. 508. 

 Botrytis cinerea, i. 263. 

 Bottle-gourd. See Lagenaria. 

 Bouchea coluteoides, sticky foliage, ii. 237. 

 Boundary-line, absence of, between plants 



and animals, i. 54. 

 Bovenia, Australia, ii. 720. 

 Bovista, ii. 690. 

 Boyle's law, i. 571. 

 Brachydodromus, venation, i. 630. 

 Brachypodium, pollination, Ji. 142. 

 Brachypodium sylvaticum, arched leaf, i. 

 429. 



venation, i. 634. 



Bracken Fern. See PteHs aquilina. 

 Bract, application of term, i. 641. 



— colour, ii. 183, 187. 



— honey-protection by, ii. 238. 



— nature of, i. 737 



Bract, secretion of honey, ii. 173. 



Bractea. See Bract. 



Bracteoles, accessory in fruit-formation, it 



433. 

 Bract-scale, of Abies pectinata, &o., ii. 441, 



721. 

 BradypuB tridactylus, and Trichophilus, it 



627. 

 Bramble. See Ruhus fruticosus. 

 Branch, curvature and Hght, i. 416. 



— direction and light, i. 414, 



— form and position of transpiring, i. 325. 



— long and short, i. 597, 650. 



— nature of, i. 591. 



— of Pinus Pumilio, ii. 722. 

 Branching and inflorescence, i. 749, 

 Branch-tendrils, morphology, i. 693, 694. 

 Erassica, siliquas, ii. 431. 



Brassica alba, imequal cotyledons, i. 622. 

 Erassica oleracea, epiphylious buds, ii. 43. 



root-galls, ii. 521. 



stomata, i. 280. 



wax ou leaves, i. 292. 



Brassica Rapa rapacea, root, i. 760. 

 Braun, Alexander, reclassification of Mono- 

 chlamydese, ii. 616. 



system of classification, ii. 605. 



Braya alpina, autogamy, ii. 335. 



guides to honey, ii. 248. 



Bread-fruit. ^&q Artocarpus incisa. 

 Break back, use of term, ii. 570. 

 "Breaking", from roots, ii. 27. 

 Breathing and hving, synonymous, i. 493. 

 Bristle Ferns. See HymenophyllacetE. 

 Bristles, i. 439. 



— barbed structure, i. 440. 



— for retention of salt incrustations, i. 237. 



— of Aldrovandia leaf, i. 152. 



— of DiouEea leaf, i. 150. 



— stinging, structure and function, i. 441. 

 Briza maxima, seed-dispersal, ii. 854. 

 Briza media, anthocyanin in glumes, i. 522. 

 pollination, ii. 142. 



Broad-bean. See Vicia Faha. 

 Brome-grass. See Bromus. 



False. See Brachypodium. 



BromeliaceEe, centripetal inflorescences, i. 

 738. 



— coloured bracts in, ii. 184. 



— distinctive characters, ii. 734. 



— epiphytic, i. 77, 106. 



— furfuraceous appearance, i. 324. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 734. 



— habitat, i. 438. 



— organic remains in cisterns of, i. 242. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 102. 



— scarlet flowers in, ii. 196. 



— tropical epiphytic, thick cuticle, i. 309, 



— water-receptacles, i. 156. 



absorptive cells, i. 231. 



Bromelieae, characteristics, ii. 734. 

 Bromine, in marine plants, i. 68. 

 Bromus, and cluster-galls, ii. 547. 

 Brongniart, ii. 603. 



Brood-bodies, and constancy of form, ii. 594. 



hybrids perpetuated by, in Roses, ii. 555, 



importance for propagation, ii. 70. 



in ovule, resemble normal embryos, ii. 



469. 



nature of, ii, 6, 



of Mosses, ii. 702. 



possible origin from ooplast, ii. 467. 



potential, ii. 46. 



Broom. See Spartium scoparium. 

 Broom-rape. See Orobanche. 

 Broussonetia papyrifera, dioecious, ii. 299. 



ejection of pollen, Sec, ii. 137. 



normal and sucker leaves, ii. 515. 



stigma, ii. 251, 



twig, i. 418. 



Brown, on cell, i. 14. 



Brownea coccinea, &c., scarlet flower, ii. 196. 

 Brugmansia, Borneo and Java, flowers, i. 

 202. 



— geographical distribution, i. 204. 



— poUen-grain, ii. 98, 102. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 118. 



